Australia A $ 4 73 Now Zealand N2 $ 6 SO
Stogepoie S S94S Monfl K°"9 M JZ3 SO
Malaysia U $9 45 Sweden XSEH
$2.95
USA
MICRO JOURMN.
\lrktrkrrJo VME-MACINTOSH-S 50
1T1UIUI lild A Other ftHXXXSyN*rms
6809 68008 68000 68010 68020 68030
QS ~ 9 Ji&gs&WiSL SK,po s
Thblaai*: "C" User Notes pJJ
Mac-Watch
Macintosh SpeUsweH Review p^2
Basically OS-9 p.18
Software User Notes p -8
Graphics On FORTH p. 25
An RS-232 Breakout Box p.29
Aad Lots More!
VOLUME IX ISSUE HI • Devoted to the 68XXX User • March 1987
"Small Computers Doing Big Things"
' f /$tej&
Lf^UIZJV
*S"
••.-x
■
.oVMAI
m
'810"
S \
6ESPAC Gives You
More Power Per Square Inch.
Here is the size, performance, and
cost breakthrough you hove been
waiting for: The 68020 based
GESMPU-20 from GESPAC
You con now unleash on
unprecedented amount of power
into your applications. On just 25
square inches, we hove squeezed
a 12.5 MHz (16 MHz optional)
68020 32-bit microprocessor, a
68881 floating point coprocessor; 4
sockets for up to 512 Kilobytes of
EPROM, and up to 512 Kilobytes of
zero-wait-states CMOS RAM.
This board is totally expandable
through its G-64 bus interface. And
GESPAC has the largest variety of
inexpensive memory, interfaces,
controllers, and transducer cords
anywhere. Plus real-time disk
operating systems, high level
languages, and other software
tools. GESPAC has the total solution
to your system integration needs.
Best of all, because our boards
ore small, they cost less. The new
GESMPU-20 is priced below $1000 in
one hundred piece quantity orders.
So why wait? Contact us today
for information on the GESMPU-20
or any of the 150 G-64 bus system
components from GESPAC— the leader
in single Eurocard microcomputer
products worldwide.
Call (602) 962.5559.
IN USA - CANADA
50A West Hoover Ave.
Mesa, Arizona 85202
Tel. (602) 962-5559
Telex 386575
INTERNATIONAL
3, chernin des Aulx
CH-1228 Geneva
Tel. (022) 713400
Telex 429989
GfflX Micro-20
68020 SINGLE-BOARD COMPUTER
Mainframe CPU Performance
on a 5.75" x 8.8" Board
(benchmark results available on request)
$2565
00 12.5 MHz Version
Quantity Discounts Available
«'J I III 1 1 1 UffTfTTTiffYtt r
<1 s
Software
32-Blt MC68020 Processor (12-5. 16.67. or
20MHZ)
MC6S881 Floating-point coprocessor (optional)
2 Megabytes ol 32-blt wide, highspeed RAM
4 RS-232 Serial I/O Ports (expandable to 36)
8-bit Parallel I/O Port ('Centronics' compatible)
Time-of-Day Clock w battery backup
16-btl I/O Expansion Bus
Up to 256 Kbytes of 32-bit wide EPROM
Floppy Disk Controller lor two 5V«" drives
SASI Intelligent Peripheral Interlace (SCSI subset)
Mounts directly on a 5V< " Olsk Drive
Optional Boards include Arcnet, Prototyping, I/O
Bus adapter. 60 line Parallel I/O. RS-422/485
Included:
• GMX Version ol Motorola's 020Bug Debugger with
up/ download, breakpoint, trace, single-step, and
assembler/ disassembler capabilities
• Comprehensive Hardware Diagnostics
Optional:
UNIX"' like Multl-user/Mulil-tasklng
Disk Operating Systems
• OS-9/68000™ (Real-time and PROMabie)
• UnlFLEX 1 "
Programming Languages and Application
Software
• BASIC. C. PASCAL. ABSOFT FORTRAN, COBOL
and ASSEMBLER
• Spreadsheet. Data Base Management, and Word
Processing
COMPLETE EVALUATION SYSTEMS AVAILABLE
CmX 1337 W. 37th Place Chicago, IL 60609
68' Micro Journal
Man* S7
(312) 927-5510 • TWX 910-221-4055
StateoftheArt Computers
Since 1975
t
A Member of the CPI Family
68 Micro
6800 68,09 6JJ.000 680 1 6X0£0
Journal m
M y^TS eg m>Mfflk«^mffl H Mstaxrd*. 'Jaera
Editorial Staff
Publisher:
Don Williams Sr.
Executive Editor:
Larry Williams
Production Manager:
Tom Williams
Administration:
Office Manager:
Maiy Robertson
Subscriptions:
Joyce Williams
Contributing & Associate Editors:
Ron Anderson Dr. E.M. Bud Pass
Ron Voigts Art Weller
Doug Lurie
David Lewis
Dr. Theo Elbert
A hundreds more of us
WW
Contents
c
Software: User Notes
"C" User Nous
Basically OS-9
Mac-Watch
Graphics On FORTH
RS-232 Breakout Box
Bit Bucket
68' Micro 1986 Index
Time .CMD
Classifieds
■•*'■'•"• - -111(1 -i'i' t
"Contribute Nothing - Expect Nothing
■«??■
COMPUTER
PUBLISHING, INC.
"Over a Decade of Service"
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Copyright © 1987 Computer Publishing, Inc.
68 Micro Journal U published 12 tunes a year by Computer
Publishing, Inc. Second Class Postage paid ISSN 0194- 5025
at Hixson, TN and additional entries. Postmaster: send form
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Others add $12.00 a year surface, airmail add $48.00 a
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Items or Articles for Publication
Articles submitted for publication must include authors name,
address, telephone number and date, as well as a statement
lhat the material is original and the property of (he
submitting author. Articles submitted should be on diskette,
Macintosh, OS-9 or FLEX formal. All printed items should be
dark type and satisfactory for photo-reproduction. No blue
ink! No hand written articles - please.
Please do not formal with spaces any text indents, chart
items, etc. (source listings ok.) WE wilt edit in ALL
formatting. Text should be flush left column and use ONLY a
carriage return id separate paragraphs or other article text
items! MacWritc, FLEX TSC, Stylo formatting acceptable.
Letters & Advertising Copy
Letters to the Editor should be original copy, signed! Letters
of gripe as well as praise are acceptable. We resove the right
to reject any tester to the editor or advertising copy material,
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Advertising Rater. Commercial please contact 68 Micro
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$.60 per word after the first 15. All classifieds must be pre-
paid. No classifieds accepted by telephone.
March '87
'68° Micro journal
The VME BUS and OS-9:
Ultimate Software
for the Ultimate Bus
Modularity. Flexibility. High Performance. Future growth. These are probably the prime reasons
you chose the VME bus. Why not use the same criteria when selecting your system software? That's
why you should lake a look at Microware's OS-9/68000 Operating System— il's the perfect match for the
VME bus.
When you're working with VME you must have access to every part of the system. Unlike other
operating systems lhat literally scream KEEP OUT', OS-9's open architecture invites you to create, adapt,
customize and expand. Thanks to its unique modular design, OS-9 naturally fits virtually any system,
from simple ROM-based controllers up to large multiuser systems.
And ihai's just the beginning of the story. OS-9 gives you a complete UNIX-application compatible
environment. It is multitasking, real time, and extremely fast. And if you're slill nol impressed,
consider that a complete OS-9 executive and I/O driver package typically fits in less than 24K of
RAM or ROM.
Software tools abound for OS-9, including outstanding Microware C, Basic. Foitran. and
Pascal compilers. In addition, cross C compilers and cross assemblers are available
for VAX systems under Unix or VMS. You can also plug in other advanced options,
such as the GSS-ORIVERS ,M Virtual Device Interface for industry-
standard graphics support, or the OS-9 Network File Manager for
high level, hardware-independent networking.
Designed for the most demanding OEM requirements.
OS-9's performance and reliability has been proven in an
incredible vanely ol applications. There's nothing like a track
record as proof: to date, over 200 OEMs have shipped more
than 100,000 OS-9-based systems.
Ask your VME system supplier about OS-9. Or you can
install and evaluate OS-9 on your own custom system with
a reasonably priced Microware PortPak™. Contact Micro-
ware today. We'll send you complete information about OS-9
and a list of quality manufacturers who offer off-the-shelf
VME/OS-9 packages.
MICROWARE .
Microware System* Corporation
1866 NW 114th Street • Des Momes. Iowa 50322
Phone 515-224 1929 • Telex 910-520 2535
Microware Japan. Ltd.
41.19 Honcho 4-Chome, Funabashi City • Chiba 273,
Japan • Plione 0473 (28) 4493 * Telex 781-299-3122
Modular Haicfwaro Deserves Modular Software
t+nw
i 130»
m*<i 7
St
5751 « Uppula
la pa aa
Pnona oieiMids
Wai TO13V
Dl fliMMH KMI. GmOH
PcttphyflraiM 16
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Wast Germany
Prion* 10 82 031 67 41
W<i **SDM
Elian AC
ZMMf 12
Ch MM Bvwi Dim
Str«Wl*ntl
Phona (OSS] SM377
VhKMHLM
X 31 John SliM
». LU1 2JE
I Kflgaom
I [OSfcl «?MMi
VI.. Mills
9? Bim/a Roafl
PumBaath ?i0e
NSW Auftral.1
Phone OMIMtn
07 Eh. fy* d* Colombot
9?«00 Couibna*
Franc*
Prion* I JM-eO*0
lam SIMM
OS-9 is a trademark of Microware and Motorola PortPak is a trademark cf Microware GSS Orivere is a (rademaik 01 Graphic
Software Systems. Inc VAX and VMS aia Iradamaiks of DEC. Unix Is a trademark ol AT&T
'68' Micro Journal
March's?
MUSTA\g~^^
Sup er SBC
Ttf
DATA-COMP proudly presents the first
Under $5060 "SUPER MICRO",
The MUSTANG-02fr«
MUSTANG-02&
The MUSTANG-020 68020 SBC
provides a powerful, compact, 32 bit computer
system featuring the "state of the art'' Motorola
68020 "super" micro-processor. It comes
standard with 2 megabyte of high-spaed SIP
dynamic RAM, serial and parallel ports, floppy
disk controller, a SASI hard disk interface for
intelligent hard disk controller and a batteiy
backed-up time of-day clock. Provisions aie
made for the super powerful Motorola MC6888 1
floating point math co-processor, for heavy math
and number crunching applications. An optional
network interface uses one serial (four (4)
standard, expandable to 20) as a 125 bit per
second network channel. Supports as many as 32
nodes.
The MUSTANG-020 is ideally suited to a
wide variety of applications. It provides a cost
effective alternative to the other MC68020
systems now available. It is an excellent
introductory tool to the world of hi -power, hi-
speed new generation "super nucros". In
practical applications it has numerous
applications, ranging from scientific toeducation.
It is already being used by government agencies,
labs, universities, business and practically every
other critical applications center, worldwide,
where true multi-user, multi-tasking needs exist
The MUSTANG-020 is UNIX C level V
compatible. Where low cost and power is a must,
the MUSTANG-020 is the answer, as many have
discovered. Proving that price is not the standard
for quality!
As a software development station, a
general purpose scientific or small to medium
business computer, or a super efficient teal-time
controller in process control, the MUSTANG-
020 is the cost effective choice. With the optional
MC6888 1 floating point math co-processor
installed, it has the capability of systems costing
many times over it's total acquisition cost
DATA-COMP
.. r. mo
With the DATA-COMP "total package",
consisting of a heavy duty metal cabinet,
switching power supply with if/line by-passing,
S inch DS DD 80 track floppy, Xebec hard disk
controller, 25 megabyte Winchester hard disk,
four serial RS-232 ports and a UNIX C level V
compatible multi-tasking, multi-user operating
system, the price is under $5000, w/12.5
megaherle system clock (limited time offer).
Most all popular high level languages are
available at very reasonable cost, The system is
expandable to 20 serial ports, at a cost of less
than $65 per port, in multiples of 8 poit
expansion options.
The system SBC fully populated, quality
tested, with 4 serial ports prewired and board
mounted is available for less that $3000. Quantity
discounts are available for OEM and special
applications, in quantity. All that is required to
bring to complete "system" standards is a
cabinet, power supply, disks and operating
system. All these are available as separate items
from DATA-COMP.
A special version of the Motorola 020-
BUG is installed on each board. 020-BUG is a
ROM based bebugger package with facilities for
downloading and executing user programs from
a host system. It includes commands for display
and modification of memory, breakpoint
capabilities, a powerful assembler/disassemble
and numerous system diagnostics. Various 020-
BUG system routines, such as I/O handlers are
available for user programs.
Normal system speed is 3-4.5 MIPS, with
burst up to 10 MIPS, at 16.6 megahertz.
Intelligent I/O available for some operating
systems.
Hands-on "actual experience sessions",
before you buy, are available from DATA-
COMP. Call or write for additional information
or pricing.
March S7
'58' Micro Journal
MUSTANG-020, MUSTANG-08 Benchmarks
Tana
libit
PaiMf
All umingi by mdefwndcm caniuhim
*"*•"
l"l
IBM ATTTOXoao 9f J
».7
a.****
AT*t 7300 WW PC 6*010
7.2
4.3
DSC VAX II/nOUNR BwtV, u
M
J-J
O8CVAX.il/7S0 •
5.1
12
<BX0OS-9 6«lc lOMhi
65
42)
6KW OH UK ■ Mb
110
Ml
MUSTANG** MM 00-* UK 11 Mta
»J
(J
MIBTAMC4W WH OS.» UK It MM
tl
Ml
MUSTANG-*M iMV MCaaUi IWFVJOT 14 Hta
LI
U2
KetnO
raglatar long 1/
tor <i-0( 1 < 4999991 "11/
»■—--■■ M1I9 . MVSTANG-*1I _ 4J MIPS.
Sunt to • . II MIPS: M<aaraa> jfaar*
o*a
OM
Syto-SfaO
Syt>M»a5
jryt-^aV^BO. ttow>
FAT tenuis
JUST nfil nm
PAT/HSr OmfcD
amlaa*. (we tafew)
S3MUB
30OCB
soooo
♦MOD
♦MOD
WOOD
.MOB
l»100
17*00
4MJJ0
t»J0
7MJ
»t»J0
9«00
UIOD
SOOO
IMFLU
I Jftri erpnakii Kim 4M.0O
CUM of 30 atrial («■ nasarM)
JIM. 00
III (11) mill Ota C9 55
Sodjan-* W. aw USA eatrOaam fa
Sodpfa* CkD or «•> ta>iiimn)k
fadd to ii|»a UUSTAMD-aaT—
arena bujant- Soi^xv* M93jQ0.5e«v
For a limited time
we are offering a
$400.00 trade-in
on your old
68XXX SBC.
Must be working
properly and com-
plete with all
software, cables
and documenta-
tion. Call for
details.
NOTE: UniFLEX Is re-
ported to run slower
than OS-9 with more
than several users on
line - Also call or writ*
for information on OS-
9 Version 2. soon to
be available. A full
68020 OS-9, with 68881
support.
MUSTANIQ-020-
FEATURI*
12-5 Mhi (optional 16 6 Mhi available) MC6B02Q full 12 hii wide
12 tHE wide data sad addrela buaea, non-mullipleaed
od chip mitruction cache
object code compatible with ill 6SXXX family procaeiori
enhanced tnetruclion it* - math co-proceae<t- interface
68SS] math hi-ipevd noatjng point co-pmceaaor (<
direct eafenaion of full 68020 matruc ban let
full lupport IEEE P7S4. dnft 10.0
traniccndenul and other acictibfk mam funcbooa
2 Megabyte of SIP RAM (512 i 32 bit orjaniiatwo)
up to 256K bytea of EPROM (64 a 32 biu)
4 Aiynchronoua aerial t/O porta atandard
optional to 20 nil] porta
atandard R5-B2 interface
optional network: interface
buffered 8 bil parallel port (1/2 MC68230)
Ceotronka type pinod
eiptmiion connector for addilkmal VO device*
16bii data path
256 byte addieai apace
2 mlernapl input!
Clock and control eignall
Motorola I/O Channel Modulea
bin ofday dcckVcaiindar w/baoery backup
controller rot 2, 3 1/4" floppy dtik drivea
lingle or double aide, uncle or double demity
35 to SO track eelectabfc (48-46 TPI)
SAS inHrf ki
programmable periodic rwnmipt generate.
anenfupt tale from nncro-tecoodi to ■■«*
highly accurate nine baac (5 PrM)
5 bit aenae rwuch, readable by Che CPU
hardware aingiB-tiep capabuity
■ directly to a auaSard 3 1'4' daak drive
Sit* 115/16x5 7/1
Tbeie ki-jpud 6S020 ivalemi are pietsltly workine at
NASA, ALocnk Eneray CommiuioQ. other Gt
Agakciei u well ai Univenitiei, Buatoeai. i -'■ «. and
critical appHcaboDa canton. Worldwide, where apeed, math
crunrhmj and milti uaer, irailu laalmj UNIX C level V compaubilily
and low coil ia a amnl
MUSTANG-020 System cornponini pnosi - Eflediv* July 1. 1966
Prtaea tubtwa (o charv* - cal lor kajaaj quota*.
MUSTAN&OM (12J0 Mhi)
$2730.00
" Cabins 1 (PC or «a ihownl
$288.95
S--8Q iradi Aoppy OS/DO
$268 85
^FkvpytaNa
$39 85
■OS-B68K
$350 00
KWindMSler eaN*
$39.85
fcwincheslsr (Mv» 25 Mbyl*
$885.00
BfeCotooc HfD corimlkH
$385.00
**Ship(>in0 USA UPS
$20.00
Total:
$5059.80
DISCOUNT OFF COMPLETE SYSTEM $1061.00
Complete System :
25 Mbyte HD $3998.80
85 Mbyte HD $5248.80
UniFLEX
MC6888 1 l*>malh
16.67 Mru MC68020
16.67 Mhz MC66881
$90.00
$275.00 Thta prtoa aitawcf lo tncnaaa
$37500 Addlional MUSTANG lyatema anon
$375.00
Kola Curranc OS-9 (Ver. 1.2) doai not adaraaa lha MCfiaaBI ■ Fuwra
revtajon* wal. II the 68881 to arolcjnalad In tfia lutunj. N muH be ardarad
wKh lha lya-KTi, wttan ortghalry oroarad . UnJFLEX ttoaa auppofl both lha
anhanced coda of lha 68020 and 68881 now.
OPTION BOARDS: " OpOon bovxtt to tm hafaavd In Uuamno-020 tab-
/near mtotbt eatatn>d HiWl fha vxt^vkrt otbb. The csbaiai la too ugM for
dlracf pajgofi Or fP*dtf our nvw PC lypa cabana) , wth WW oroW
68' Micro Journal
Man* -87
/ PAT - JUST '
PAT Cm <m$)
With 'C Source
$229.00
stetM
s
IXhfl &
— \
jDc nt.
S.£
A Division of
Media
\ ,
P,
3900 Cuitth Smith Rd.
Huu, Tn 37M3
1
Ttkr*a»6t 3 M2-tt09
Tckt 5L06O0MM
£
PAT FROM S. E. MEDIA -- A FULL FEATURED SCREEN ORIENTED TEXT EDITOR
with all the best of PEE. For those who swore by and loved PIE, this is for YOU! All PIE
features & much more! Too many features to list. And if you don't like ours, change or add
your own. C source included. Easily configured to your CRT terminal, with special configuration
section. No sweat!
68008 - 68000 - 68010 - 68020 OS-9 68K $229.00
COMBO
PATiJUST
Special $249.00
JUST
JUST from S. E. MEDIA - - Text formatter written by Ron Anderson; for dot matrix
printers, provides many unique features. Output formatted to the display. User con-
figurable for adapting to other printers. Comes set-up for Epson MX80 with Graflex. Up
to 10 imbedded printer control commands. Compensates for double width printing.
Includes normal line width, page numbering, margin, indent, paragraph, space, vertical
skip lines, page length, centering, fill, justification, etc. Use with PAT or any other text
editor. The ONLY stand alone text processor for the 68XXX OS-9 68K, that we have
seen. And at a very LOW PRICE! Order from: S.E. MEDIA - see catalog this issue.
68008 - 68000 - 68010 - 68020 OS-9 68K
V With 'C source $79.95 J
March's? 68' Micro Journal
. An Ace of a System in Spades!
M MUSTANG-08-
ONE PENNY SALE
NOT 128K, NOT 512K ^ (^
FULL 768K No Wait RAM
The MUSTANG.08™ system took every hind from all
mhrr 68008 iyssn> we hated, cunning OS') 68KI
The MUSTANG-08 include* OS9-68K™ and/or PeUa
Stark's SK'DOS™. SK*DOS it t ingle user, single uiking
syacm dut Uket up where *FLEX m left off. SK'DOS a
.dually « 6SXXX f'l J-X type system (Sot a TSC product.)
iv- oj u ijik fynem iiiMl blown multi-user, multi
tuskiil jysusn. All the f^ukr 68000 OS-9 software
u: the MUSTANG-08
6KXXX systems ue an
1 And that uV ^sm«ll
'2-80 fl m* WrM /
style cabinet, h er j autv
\ply. rf bypassing, rtody to run, witJi year
choice of OS-9 68K or SK'DOS Add J750 for ■ single
floppy/25 megabyte hud disk system. For ihoie thai waited,
DATA-COMP didnl forgti.
Specificationi: Syswn «K>uA» OS9fJ8K orSK'DOS . Your Choice
/f C Compile times; OS-9 68K. Hard Diik ^
file. LIST utility source from K&R. 1
▲ MUSTANG** mln ■ i2 wc
I OtJurpopo Ler 63006 tyttim Imln-OStac I
x ^ MUSTANG-Oft) Omln.aiwc ^ /
Dual 5" Disk System
A $1,998.08
CPU
RAM
POUTS
CLOCK
EPROM
FLOPPY
HARD DISK
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mcssoos
768K
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2-RS232
2 8 bl Parallel
MC14681B
16K.32Kor6*K
WD1772
Interface Porl
lOMhz
2S6K Chips
MceaeaiDUART
MC6821PIA
ReeJTimeCbr*
Mnfeh
51. '4 Dm 95
WD1 002 Board
#
25 Megabyte
Hard Disk System
[4. $1,998.09
UntuS olh^roSuO^ysBita thtre are several sigwJtEata
differ,
t;
AlsTallowin^for addresul
maximum allowed for a 68008
».' '.7.1'- 1 .'
5.75 X 8 indies - bote drecty la a loppy or HO
Jes sec [
32 Ml Regtfler
usages Long
Other 6B00B B Khz OS-9 6BK. . .18.0. . .9.0
NOSTAMS-OB 10 Khz OS-9 6BK 9.8... 6. 3
ViainO
I
r* lot I; •/
register long I;
for (1=0; I < 999W9; «~d);
Ji
le KOM7PROM the RAM ii the
The 68O08 can only addreu a
total of 1 Megabytes of RAM. The design allows all the RAM
apace (for all practical purpoae*) (o be utilized. What is not
available to the user u required and reserved for the system
! can be easily configiaed, leaving 288K
RAM space. The RAM DISK can be
your application requires (systfro must
requirement*). Leaving the
program use. Sufficient
MUfTwaxa . i i i * ess
t*'t)OS..«it»i>.<lw v
Data-Comp Division
n <^§^v\ A Decade of Quality Service'^
i ^53^ Systems World-Wide
Computer Publishing, Inc. 9900 Cassandra Smith Road
TsAptane 615 842-4801 - Tetex 510 60O«30 Hucson, Tn 37343
_*J>oae wii^VVTPC hi-denshy FIJiX 5' - Call for
' special
info
'68' Micro Journal
March -87
SOFTWARE
By:
A Tutorial Series
Ronald W. Anderson
3540 Sturbridge Court
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
USER
From Basic Assembler to HLL's
W ith this column I am starting a third 8"
disk of text and example program listing files. The
second contains 22 columns and it is not filled to
the end, but I decided it was time to relegate it to the
archives and start fresh again. I am wondering
(seriously) at this point how long it will be before 8
inch floppy disks and drives are totally obsolete.
When I bought mine, my 35 track single sided
single density 5 1/4" drives held 85 K bytes of
information. The new 8 inch DSDD drives held
just about a megabyte, or the equivalent of 12 5
1/4" diskettes. My collection of some 100 small
disks would all fit on 8 of the larger ones, though I
didn't organize things quite that way. I put BASIC
programs on one disk, my System files on another,
letters on a third, '68' Micro Journal columns on a
4th, etc.
Now an 80 track double sided double density
disk can hold almost 800K bytes. There is an ac-
cess speed advantage to the 8" drives, but other-
wise they are large and heavy. My two 8" drives
are in a box that is larger than my computer. The
new 1/2 height 5 1/4" dtives occupy much less
space and hold almost as much data.
The real reason that I fear the demise of the 8"
drives, however, is not the competition from the
slower small floppies, but from the ever declining
cost of a hard disk drive. My two 8" drives cost
about $1100 plus power supply, plus $350 for a
disk controller board. Now I can buy enough
hardware (drive and controller) to run a 20 Mbyte
hard disk for less than that. Furthermore, regular
'68' readers will know that the software drivers
are available thanks to Leo Taylor and others, in
public domain. Are my very expensive 8" drives
to become very large paperweights, or anchors for
rowboats?
NOTES
The real reason that I fear
the demise of the 8"
drives, however, is not the
competition from the
slower small floppies, but
from the ever declining
cost of a hard disk drive.
My two 8" drives cost
about $1100 plus power
supply, plus $350 for a
disk controller board.
Now I can buy enough
hardware (drive and
controller) to run a 20
Mbyte hard disk for less
than that.
Back From Brazil
Yes, it was a very good trip. We made many
new friends and in fact, I talked to our exchange
student just today (Christmas day). We had been
trying to get a call through to Brazil all day (the
lines really get busy on Christmas), and we re-
March '87
68' Micro Journal
ceived a call from there about 6:00. I will sum-
marize briefly, since this is not a travel column.
The country is beautiful. The people are VERY
friendly. The food is excellent. Most of our trav-
eling was done in the more temperate climate of the
state of Sao Paulo, about as far south in latitude as
Miami or Cuba are Noith. We were impressed by
the coffee plantations everywhere in the area where
we stayed primarily. Other industries down there
are Sugar Cane, Rubber Trees, Citrus Groves, and
Silk. Brazil converts a great deal of sugar cane to
alcohol to use as a fuel. Many of the automobiles
are equipped to run on alcohol, which is considera-
bly less expensive than gasoline there.
I promised a report on computing there. I can re-
port only one encounter with computers. A busi-
ness in the town where we stayed, (Garca, a town
of 35,000 about 250 miles Southwest of Sao Paulo
city) was manufacturing Apple II clones. It was
apparently a going business, though I didn't learn a
great deal about it, since the owner / engineer spoke
only Portugese and our student / interpreter was not
with me the day we visited the computer business.
The company seemed to be working on data pro-
cessing applications. Unfortunately, in the govern-
ment's zeal to encourage industry within Brazil,
they have very high import duties on electronic
equipment, up to 250%, I understand. This se-
verely limits imports of personal computers, video
equipment, etc.
How's That Again?
Sorry but I have run across a number of
statements that I think are funny and I am going
to share them with you. First from a "Voice
Synthesizer" manual from Jameco Electronics,
"Changes are periodically made to the
information contained hearin." If I am hearin'
coirecdy, of course they mean "herein".
A recent news item from Detroit (on the 1 1 :00
news on ABC) said that there was a fire in "a
vacant building occupied by homeless people".
If the building was occupied, it wasn't vacant,
and how could the people be living in it and be
homeless?
From a manual on a D.C. motor speed
control: "If the armature is to be disconnected
and reconnected with AC power applied the
Inhibit Circuit must be simultaneously activated
and deactivated." Anyone have a switch that
rums on and off simultaneously?
Back to Computing
I have had a few calls from people reporting
problems getting PAT running on their Mustang
systems, and unfortunately, the trip and the catch-
ing up that I had to do when I returned have de-
layed my getting at the project of fixing a few re-
ported bugs and getting corrected copies ready for
distribution. The other day I went to fire up the
Mustang and the power supply died. A little inves-
tigation shows that the power transistor in the
switching supply has "punched through" It meas-
ures zero ohms from collector to emitter. The
board is on its way off to Data Comp for repair. As
soon as it is returned I will get into that version of
PAT and clean it up. I have had one complaint
about JUST not running correctly with an Epson
MX-80 with Graftrax Plus. I am going to get into
that one immediately now. JUST was originally
developed using an identically equipped Epson, but
perhaps when I switched to a later RX-80 model I
made a change that is incompatible with the older
model. Since I still have the older Epson, I am go-
ing to set it up and find the cause of the problem.
Standardization
We die hard individualists who like
our old 6809 systems
and know that they are
as good as if not better
than at least the first
and second generation
"big blue" offerings,
face a dilemma Let me explain from
personal experience why almost
everyone jumps on the IBM bandwagon.
Pardon the example once again, but in order to
speak from personal experience, I must use PAT.
I started writing PAT a long time ago as an exer-
cise to see what I could do with a screen editor,
writing it in a language at a higher level than as-
sembler. I lost interest after some initial work on
screen handling, but one day I decided to give it a
go and see if I could finish a fairly difficult project
and make it as good as or better than anything else
I had seen (a highly biased judgement, of course).
'68' Micro Journal
March's?
After a year or so of working on it in my spare
time and some that I really couldn't spare, I sent
out some copies to several people well known to
me to be 6809 FLEX enthusiasts. They were most
helpful in reporting a substantial number of bugs
to me, and also in suggesting useful features that I
could add to it. One tester in particular called and
told me that PAT should to take advantage of the
fact that terminals scroll when you get to the bot-
tom of the screen. I realized that I didn't have to
rewrite the whole screen. Just force it to scroll and
write the last line and the status line again. It will
be much faster, particularly on a terminal running
below 9600 baud. That feature made handling a
particular situation an exception, but editors are
full of exceptions anyway, so I added the software
to do it, and noticed little difference on my 19.2K
baud terminal. I had terminal configurations for
the old dumb terminal (ADM-3A) an ADDS View-
point Plus, and several Televideo versions.
I figured it was about time to start selling PAT,
and Don Williams agreed to offer it, pioviding me
with an adequate royalty per copy, and advertising
it and handling production of disks and shipping, at
no expense to me. About a week after the first cop-
ies were sold, I received a call from someone with
an ANSI standard terminal. I knew about those,
but figured most 6809 users wouldn't have one. I
did a PATANSI special version for such terminals,
changing the cursor positioning procedure and
making provision for longer control strings than I
had previously allowed. Next call was from some-
one with a terminal that could either allow cursor
positioning or scroll, but not both. I had to do a
special PATNS (No Scroll) version for that indi-
vidual, removing the additions I had made to
handle that situation at the bottom of the screen.
Next someone with an original FLEX 09 version
(the very first offering of Technical Systems Con-
sultants of the 6809 version) called. That version
is missing one jump vector that allows access
through FLEX to the routine that inputs a character
from the terminal without echoing it. I had to write
such a routine and access the serial port directly
with another version that I called PATF9 to solve
that problem.
I realized that the market would be limited for
PAT at the beginning, and this is not a complaint in
any way, just a relating of "how it is" in the FLEX
software market. At any rate, after the first flurry
of "it doesn't work with my system", things settled
down a little, though I presently have a few cus-
tomers who have been very patient about problems
specific to their systems. I found it necessary for a
while to get some other things done, and those
problems are still with me, waiting to be solved as I
mentioned above.
Several months ago I decided to try to reduce
PAT a little, that is shrink the code, and while I
was at it I added a few last features, such as a
search that can be case insensitive, a "bookmark"
feature whereby you can mark a place in a text and
go back to that place simply, and a means of saving
the present file and loading another one without ex-
iting PAT. Those things are all implemented, but I
have not yet released an upgrade version because I
am still finding a bug now and then.
Also several months ago, I decided to do a "C"
version of PAT for the Mustang 68020 system to
run under OS-9/68K. I have been using that ver-
sion on my Mustang system for some time, but
have not upgraded to the changes that I made in my
last pass on the 6809 version. A few people have
written or phoned to say that the "C" veision sim-
ply does not run on their system. They get error
messages and return to OS-9 or for some reason
the configuration file is not found, etc.
All in all, to date, my royalties on PAT have
amounted to about $1.00 per hour of the time I
spent writing it!
We simply are too small a group to represent a
serious maiket to any software writer that wants to
make a living from his work. Probably very few
of us have systems that have not been customized
in one way or another. We have homebrew termi-
nals, homebrew hard disk systems, etc. The rea-
son the IBM and its clones are so popular is the
standardization. The terminal is part of the sys-
tem. Once you learn how to put the cursor some-
where on the screen in one IBM system, you can
handle all the others and compatibles the same
way. The software supplier doesn't have to sup-
port 100 different terminals. The EBMs, like it or
not, represent a much larger and more standardized
market. Selling several thousand copies of a soft-
ware item for $45 each is obviously a better situa-
tion than selling 75 copies for $75 or so.
Don will agree that many of the more specialized
computer magazines (related to the Tandy Color
Computer, for example) went out of business be-
cause the market anticipated by their advertisers
never materialized. The advertisers didn't sell
enough product to allow them to pay for their ads,
let alone make any profit. The advertisers simply
folded with their ad bills unpaid, and the maga-
zines folded because they couldn't collect from
bankrupt advertisers, nor could they attract new
advertisers since it was realized that the market
wasn't there.
10
Man* '87
68' Micro Journal
So, with all the Disadvantages of the IBM and
its clones, it has one advantage that overrides. It is
STANDARD and it represents a large market. In
many respects, PC-DOS or MS-DOS are no major
improvement over FLEX. I consider them harder
to use than FLEX. If they represent any improve-
ment over FLEX, it is only in the area of tree
structured directories. Certainly neither is as capa-
ble as OS-9, since they do not have facilities for
multi-users or multi-tasking.
Unfortunately (in my opinion) if you want
graphics or the capability to use some of the new
laser printers (or even to make best use of some of
the Epson (IBM) dot matrix graphics to do fancy
type fonts), you have to go IBM or Apple Mac.
An almost ex FLEX user friend of mine keeps
sending me samples of what "Fontasy" on an IBM
compatible can do with a dot matrix printer. Of
course there is no reason someone couldn't do a
nice graphics board for the 6809 systems (color
even), and the software for multi fonts with a
graphics printer wouldn't be difficult to do, but
why bother? The market is too small to make it
worthwhile. Such is progress.
I get involved in the industrial use of micropro-
cessors a great deal. I see that area going 680XX
pretty much. The biggest and best CAD systems
run on Apollo or Sun 68020 machines, which are a
real step upward from the 80286 based IBM
clones. The 80386 systems are slow in coming,
and they will suffer from precedents, as did the
6809. There is a lot of 80286 code now, and it will
be easy to adapt it to the 80386 rather than write
code to take advantage of the new processor, just
as our first 6809 software was simply reassembled
6800 code that didn't take advantage of the extra
registers and new instructions that made the '09
better and faster. A couple of years went by before
software written specifically for the 6809 began to
appear.
Let's face it. Our 6809 systems suffer from lack
of identity. When someone asks me what kind of
computer I have, I instinctively answer "You
wouldn't recognize the name". The other day
someone asked me at work if we had built our own
development system. The SWTPc logo was not
recognized. Only we diehards recognize South-
west Technical Products, GMX, and Peripheral
Technology as "name brands" in computers. I tru-
ly hope all of these can find a market niche and re-
main living proof that small and innovative is better
than big, mediocre and standard.
Only we diehards
recognize
Southwest Technical Products, GMX,
and Peripheral Technology as "name
brands" in computers. I truly hope all
of these can find a market niche and
remain living proof that
small and innovative
is better than big,
mediocre and
standard.
STRUCTURED LISTINGS
I've recently been translating a BASIC program
to PL/9 and in the process I formed some opinions
and made some observations that I would like to
pass along to you. The program in question was
published in BYTE to illustrate an algorithm for in-
verting a large matrix, but the purpose of the pro-
gram is irrelevant to the discussion. The listing
was just about 1 1/2 pages long, and written in a
form that I consider to be almost unintelligible. My
PL/9 version is just over 6 pages long, and my first
reaction was that the PL/9 must surely be a lower
level language that requires a great deal more typing
in order to write a program. However, on further
thought, I realized that the BASIC program is writ-
ten in the style that surely must be a carry-over
from the days when each byte of memory was cru-
cial and we traditionally crammed as much informa-
tion into each line of a BASIC program as was pos-
sible.
Listing A is extracted directly from the program
in question. There are 12 statements in three lines.
'68' Micro Journal
Max* -67
11
TSC Extended BASIC allows statements to be in-
dented from the line numbers, as do many BASIC
interpreters. By following indenting rules esta-
blished in other languages, i.e. everything includ-
ed in a loop is indented, and putting one statement
on a line, the fragment expands to the form in list-
ing B. The 3 lines are now 13 lines, but surely the
structure is more apparent and the doubly nested
loop is much more readable.
Next I decided that the PL/9 version could also
be crammed inio three lines and followed the func-
tion of the original as closely as possible. The re-
sult is listing C which you will agree is just about
as unintelligible as the original BASIC lines. Last-
ly, listing D shows the PU9 translation done in the
same structured manner as listing B.
The point of all this is that it is not the inefficien-
cy of PL/9 that makes the listing much longer, but
the approach of the programmer. If the aim is to
make the program run fast, there is some reason
for cramming the BASIC statements all together.
Since the point of the article in question was to
show an algorithm, I think there was little excuse
for writing the program in the manner in which it
was presented. The primary aim of any program-
mer trying to communicate ideas to otheis should
to be to make the program as readable as possible!
I've tried here to show that readability is not so
much a function of the language used as of the
programmer's use of a few simple iules that in-
clude:
/. One statement to a line.
2. Indenting to show the scope of loops.
3. Minimum use of GOTO statements.
We didn't discuss the last rule above. It is diffi-
cult to follow this rule in BASIC, though a RE-
PEAT UNTIL or WHILE DO loop can be simulat-
ed with a GOTO and some REM statements. Per-
haps we will explore writing structured programs
in BASIC at some greater length in the next col-
umn.
LISTING A
FRAGMENT OF BASIC PROGRAM
100 FOR 1-1 TO N:R0-0:S0-0:FOR J-l TO N
110 R0-R0+ABS(A(I, J) ) : S0-S0+ABS <A< J, I ) I : NEXT J
120 X(l, I)-R0:E(1. I)-S0:NEXT I:Tl-0:T2-0
LISTING B
SAKE WRITTEN IN A STROCTORED MANNER:
100 FOR 1-1 TO N
110 RO-0
120 SO-0
130 FOR J-l TO N
140 R0-R0+ABS{A(I, J)|
ISO S0-S0+ABSIS (J, I) I
160 NEXT J
170 X(1,I)-R0
180 E(1,I)-S0
190 NEXT I
200 REM FOLLOWING ARE ACTUALLY PART OF NEXT LOOP
INITIALIZATION
210 Tl-0
220 T2-0
LISTING C
UNSTRUCTURED PL/ 9 VERSI.ON:
1-0; WHILE I<N BEGIN 3-0: R0-0; SO-0 WHILE J<N
BEGIN
R0-R0+ABS(A<I*N+J> ) ; S0-S0+ABS ( A ( J-N+I) ) J-J+l;
END;
X(I)-R0; E(I)-S0; I-I+l; END; Tl-0; T2-0;
LISTING D
STROCTORED PL/9 VERSION:
1-0;
WHILE KN BEGIN
J-0;
R0-0;
SO-0;
WHILE J<N BEGIN
R0-R0+ABS(A(I*N+J) ) ;
S0-S0 + ABS < A ( J*N+ 1 1 ) ;
J-J+l;
END;
X(I)-R0;
E ( I ) -SO I
I-I+l;
END;
Tl-0;
T 2 - ;
EOF
FOR THOSE WHO
I
MID TO K,\'()\\
68 MICRO
JOURNAL™
12
Man* 87
66' Micro Journal
TTie C Programmers
Reference Source.
Always Right On Target!
C User Notes
A Tutorial Series
By: Dr. E. M. 'Bud' Pass
1454 Latta Lane N.W.
Conyers, GA 30207
404 483- 17 17/4570
Computer Systems Consultants
INTRODUCTION
This chapter continues the discussion of the
proposed ANSI C standard and the discussion of
common problem areas in the use of the C language
and its libraries.
PROPOSED ANSI C STANDARD
The header file "stdlib.h" declares several functions
and one type. These functions and type provide
string conversion, random number generation,
memory management, and environment facilities.
The type is onexit_t, which is the type of the
argument and the type of the value returned by the
onexit function.
The string convasion functions are as follows
double atof(const char *nptr);
converts the string pointed
to by nptr to type double
int atot(constchar *nptr);
converts the suing pointed
to by nptr to type int
long atol(const char *nptr);
converts the string pointed
to by nptr to type long
double strtod(const char *nptr,
char '"'endptr);
converts the suing pointed
to by nptr to type double
and sets endptr to address
of next character in string
long strlol(const char *nptr,
char **endptr, int base);
converts the string pointed
to by nptr in radix base
(2-36, 0=decirtu)) to type long
and sets endptr to address
of next character in string
The random number generation functions are as
follows:
int rancK void);
returns next element in a
sequence of randan numbers
in the range to 32767
void srand(unsigned int seed);
seeds the random number
generator method used by
the rand function
The memory management functions are as follows
void *calkx(unsigned int nelem,
sizetelsize);
attempts to allocate sufficient
space for nelem objects, each
of length elsize, and returns
either a pointer to this
space (whic h is set to binary
xroeslorNULL
void fiee(void *ptr);
deallocates the object
pointed to by pa-
void *TnaDcc{size_t size);
aatmpG to aDccae sufficient
space for an object of length
size size, and returns
either a pointer to this
space or NULL
vokJ *ieaDcc(void *pfr.
suejsLze);
deallccafcs the object
to which ptr points, then
attempts to alkxafc sufficient
space for an object of length
size size, and returns
either a pointer to this
space or NULL
'68' Micro Journal
Man* *7
13
The envii eminent functions arc as follows:
voidabon(vud);
terminals the current task
unsuccessfully (usually after
closing all open files) unless
SIGABRT signal is being ignored
void exit(int status);
terminates the current task
successfully {after calling
all functions registered by
onexit and after closing
all open files) and returns
the value of status to the
invoker of the cuirent task
char *getenv(const char *name);
searches an environment list
for a strin g of the form
name=value, and returns either
a pointer to value or NULL
onexitt onexit(onexit_t f iinc);
registers the function pointed
to by func to be called without
argumen ts, at program exit
a pointer to value or NULL
int svsfcm{ const char *string);
passes the string pointed to
by string to the host to be
acted upon by a command
processor, and normally
returns a value indicative
of the success of the
execution of the suing
The header file "string.h" declares several functions
useful in manipulating character strings. For each
function, a pointer provides the beginning address of
a character string.
The string copying functions are as follows:
void *merrvpy (void *s 1 ,
const void *s2, size tn);
copies n characters from
the string pointed to by s2
to the string pointed to by s 1
then returns the value of si
void •memsfi(void *s,
intcsizejn);
copies the value of c
(cast to unsigned char)
into the fust n characters
to the string pointed to by s
then returns the value of s
void *stxcpy (char *sl ,
const void *s2);
copies characters from
the suing pointed to by s2
to the string pointed to by s 1
until a NUL character is moved
then returns the value of s 1
void *stmcpy(void *sl,
const void *s2, sizet n);
copies up to n characters from
the string pointed to by s2
to the suing pointed to by si
until a NUL character is moved
then returns the value of s 1
The string concatenation functions are as follows:
void *strcat(char *sl,
const void *s2);
copies characters from the string
pointed to by s2 to the end of
the string pointed to by si
until a NUL character is moved
then returns the value of si
void *stmcat(void *s 1 ,
const void *s2, sizet n);
copies up to n charade is from
the suing pointed to by s2
to the end of the string pointed
to by si until a NUL character is
moved then return s the value of s 1
The string comparison and length functions are as
follows:
int memcmp(const void *sl ,
const void *s2, size t n);
compares n characters in
the string pointed to by s2
with the string pointed to by si
then returns a value indicating
whether s 1 is lexicographically
less than, equal to, or greater
thans2
int stremp(const void *s 1 ,
const void *s2);
compares characters in
the string pointed to by s2
with the suing pointed to by
si (both NUt ^terminated)
then returns a value indicating
whether si is lexicographically
less than, equal to, or greater
thans2
14
March '67
68' Micro Journal
int strien(const void *s);
(cast to unsigned char) then
returns the number of characters
returns either or a pointer to
in the string pointed to by s,
to the marching character in s
not counting the terrranarin g
orNULL
NUL character
size_tstrspn(constchar*sl,
intstmcinp(constvoid*sl,
const char *s2);
cons t void *s2);
returns the length of the longest
compares up to n characters in
initial segment of the string
the string pointed to by s2
pointed to by s 1 containing
with the string pointed to by
any of the characters contained
si (both NUL- terminated)
in the string pointed to by s2
then returns a value indicating
(both NUL-eminaled)
whether si is lexicographically
char *slrtok(const char *sl,
less than, equal to, or greater
const char *s2);
thans2
parses the string pointed to by
si into tokens separated by
The string search functions are as follows:
characters in the string pointed
void *rnemchr(oonst void *s,
to by s2 and returns on each
intc,size_tn);
successi ve call a pointed to a
compuits up to n characters in
NUL- terminated section of si
the string pointed to by s for
or NULL on the final call
the first occummce of c
(cast to unsigned char) then
The header file"time.h" declares several functions,
returns either a pointer to the
three types, and one macro. It provides a facility for
matron g character in s or NULL
processing times and dates.
void *strchr(const char *s, int c);
compares characters in
The macro is CLK_TCK, which is the number per
the string pointed to by s for
second of the value returned by the clock function.
the first occurrence of NUL or c
(cast to unsigned char) then
The types are as follows:
returns either NULL or a pointer
to the matching character in s
clock_t type of the clock function,
size_t strcspn(const char *s 1,
const char *s2);
time_t type of the nine function,
returns the length of the longest
initial segment of the str ing
struct tm: broken-down time structure:
pointed to by s 1 not containing
int tm sec; seconds after minute
any of the characters contained
inttmmin; minutes after hour
in the string pointed to by s2
int mi hour; hours since midnight
(both NUL- terminated)
inttm_mday; day of month (1-31)
char *strpbrk (const char *s 1 ,
inttm_mon; month of year (0- 11)
const char *s2);
int tm_year, years since 1900
returns a pointer to the first
int tm wday; days since Sunday
location in the string pointed
int tnf^day; day of year (0-365)
toby si containing any of the
int tm isdst; dst if nonzero
characters emtained in the
string pointed to by s2 (both
NUL-termina ted) or returns NULL
The time measurement functions are as follows:
char *strrchr(constchar *sl,
intc);
clcck_tclcck(vokJ);
compares characters in the
returns the number of CLKTCK
string pointed to by s for
units since some imptementati on-
the last occurrence of c
dependent reference point in
68' Micro Journal
MaitihW
15
time or - 1 (cast to clcckj)
if no timer is available
timet time(time_t ♦timer);
returns the number of seconds
since some implementation -
dependent reference point in
time or -1 (cast to timej)
if no tuner is available;
if timer is not NULL, this value
is also placed into timer
The time manipulation functions are as follows:
char *asctime(const struct tm
*nmeptrX
converts the time structure
pointed to by timeptr into
a representation of the time
in the following format
dow mon dd hh:mm:ss yyyy\n
char *ctime( const time t*timer);
converts the value oftime
pointed to by timer into
a representation of the time
in the following format:
dow mon dd hh:mm:ss yyyy\n
double dir!ume(tirne_t time2,
umettimel);
returns the number of seconds
from time 1 to time2
suuet tm *gmtime(const time_t
♦timer);
converts a time pointed to by
timer into a time structure
(expressed relative to GMT)
and returns a pointer to this
time structure
struct tm *lccaltime(const time_t
♦timer);
converts a time pointed to by
timer into a time struoure
(expressed relative to the
local time aone) and returns a
pointer to this time structure
C PROBLEM
The proposed ANSI C standard suggests that
conforming C compilers generate warnings in at
least the following situations which may arise in C
programs:
a character constant contains more than one logical
character
the character string /* is encountered in a comment
an implicit cast which causes a narrowing of data
type is encountered, wheh as the assignment of a
double to an int
a function is called but no prototype has been
supplied
the arguments in a function call do not agree in
number or in type with those of the formal
parameters in a prototype for that function
a declaration with no apparent effect is encountered
a value is given to an object of an enumeration type
other than by assignment of an enumeration constant
that is a member of that type
a statement may never be reached
a statement with no apparent effect is encountered
a block is entered at other than the beginning
a function has return statements with and without
expressions or is of non-void type and has return
statements without expressions
identical identifiers with external linkage disagree in
type or length
For the C problem, suggest additional lint-like
checks which might be applied by C compilers to
assist the programmer in writing, debugging,
porting, and maintaining C programs.
EXAMPLE C PROGRAM
Following is this month's example C program; it
provides a function which parses a character string
and returns pointers to the tokens comprising iL The
test driver program reads a character string from
standard input, parses it, and writes it to standard
output. This function could be used in processing
language text, generating a cross-reference, checking
spelling, etc.
16
Mareh*7
68' Micro Journal
{
# induct <s(dinh>
* parse characta string into separate
* arguments using whitespace to delimit
* arguments, and sloes the arguments
* in an amy which is passed
* returns address of pointer array.
*d£ne BLANK"
«ds&eTABV
fcttneYESl
#*£neNO0
main(argcatgv)
char**argv;
char •♦argsO. 1R56), ♦a[l28], **p;
while (fgetsfl, 256. stdin))
{
printf("%8". 1):
for (p - argsfl, a); »p; -n-p)
prindt"*s\n", *p);
criKB);
}
{
char * *args(b utter, argv)
/* string to be broken into atguments */
dar*tw5r,
I* parsa array for arguments */
da-**agv;
/♦ save address to be remmed */
char ♦*ret_val - aigv;
/* save argument switch ♦/
mtsave-YES;
/* eliminate leading white space */
wtuk (♦buffer — BLANK II
•buffer — TAB)
buffer ++;
whDe (*buffff)
if (save)
{
I* save argument in array ♦/
♦argv - buffer,
save - NO;
}
if (♦buffer !- BLANK &&
•buffer!- TAB)
/♦ inside of aigument ♦/
buffer++;
else
{
/♦ at end of argument ♦/
♦buffer-H- - \<0;
save-YES;
/♦ inc pointer to next slot ♦/
argv++;
/♦ eliminate white space ♦/
while (♦buffer — BLANK ||
♦burTer — TAB)
buffer-M-;
}
}
/♦ put null pointer as last entry ♦/
♦♦4atgv-NULL;
return (ret_val);
Following is a sample execution of the program
listed above. In each group, the first line is sample
input and the remaining lines are the output
generated by the program.
11111 22222 33333 44444 55555
11111
22222
33333
TTTTt
55555
now is the time for all good people to go
now
is
the
time
for
all
good
people
to
go
EOF
FOR THOSE WHO
I
M.I.I > TO KNOW
68 MICRO
JOURNAL™
'68' Micro Journal
Hfan*B7
17
askdl^ OS -9
Dedicated to the serious OS-9 user.
The fastest growing users group world-wide!
6809-68020
A Tutorial Series
By: Ron Voigts
2024 Baldwin Court
Glcndale Heights, IL
60139
J
OS-9 PLUMBERS
Done any plumbing lately? With OS-9?
Unless you've tried laying a few OS-9 pipes, you
may think it a useless idea. One time I did! I tried
to configure an early system saving as much
memory as possible. I eliminated whatever I could
from the OS9Boot. Yes, PIPE, PIPER, and
PIPEMAN went too. Some things can't be
removed. You can't throw away the terminal
modules, or the disk drive modules. Otherwise
everything would come to grinding halt. But PIPE,
PIPER and PIPEMAN don't effect normal system
operation. I didn't miss them (right away!).
That is what I thought! I wrote a little program
that used the standard paths to icmove some conuol
characters from a file. I planned to redirect a listing
through it. I entered:
list file ! strip >newfile
and I got an error. I must have typed it wrong. I
tried again. Same error! Something was wrong. 1
checked the modules in the commands directory.
LIST was OK. So was STRIP. FILE listed fine
by itself. But when I redirected LIST' output to
STRIP, it wouldn't work. Then the lights went on.
I was missing the Pipe modules. Suddenly the
power of the system went down by a few notches.
1 immediately redid my boot disks and put the Pipe
modules back. I never have regreted it. The
difference in memory was about 500 bytes. About
2 pages.
The above example with LIST and STRIP is a
good sample of creating a pipe. It does nothing
more, then to take the output of the left program
and pass it to the input of the right. Hence the
name 'pipe', because it controls the flow of one
program to another. An analogy is a plumber who
lays pipes to control the flow of water. Only we
are OS-9 plumbers.
The !, used to direct the flow of data, is not part
of the pipe modules, but belongs to the OS-9 shell.
The SHELL recognizes it as a pipe directive. It
redirects the output of one program to another. For
each ! encountered, it creates a pipe. Take the
following example:
list affile ! strip ! upper >/pl
The SHELL creates two pipes, the flow goes
from LIST to STRIP to UPPER. So the standard
input is from LIST and not the keyboard. STRIP'S
standard output is redirected to UPPER. And its
standard output goes to the printer. In this case, it
is /PL Since standard input and output are used,
this line could easily be rewritten:
strip <afile ! upper >/pl
STRIP'S input would come directly from afile
and only one pipe would be created.
A really nice feature is that all the programs in
the pipeline are executed concurrently. They are all
synchronized so that the output of one cannot get
ahead of the next program in the pipline. Flow
moves along smoothly. The slowest program
determines the flow rate.
Pipe applications are only limited by your
imagination. They can be created for character
manipulations, file formatting, and changing the
output flow. Filters are popular. They remove
undesired characters. The program STRIP I
mentioned earlier was designed to remove
non-printable characters. The OS-9 commands set
includes one item called TEE. It redirects an output
to a number of selected paths, including the
standard one.
list affile ! tee affile. 1st /p
18
March 37
68' Micro Journal
directs A FILE to the standard output, a disk file
called AFILE.LST and the printer.
The modules that control Pipes are interesting in
themselves. As you probably already know there
are three modules associated with a device. They
are the file manager, the device driver and the
device descriptor. For pipes, they are named
PIPEMAN, PIPER, and PIPE. What makes them
interesting is that there is no real device associated
with them. Hence there is no need for a driver.
However, a driver is necessary for continuity.
Usually, an entiy for a standard OS-9 driver would
appear:
LBRA INIT
LBRAREAD
LBRA WRITE
LBRA GErSTA
LBRA SETSTA
LBRA TERM
Each line takes 3 bytes. PIPER's entry table is:
CLRB
RTS
NOP
repeated 6 times. The NOP is necessary to
make each entry 3 bytes long. (Actually, NOP
does not appear in the last line of code. It is in the
others to create the 3 byte offset. But nothing is
offset after the 6th entry point, so it is not needed.
If this doesn't make sense, pretend it's there.
Either way it will work.) This all means the driver
does nothing. It only clears B to prevent an error
report and returns. The Pipe Manager does all the
work. Even parts of it do nothing. SEEK,
GETSTT and SETSTT do nothing. CHGDIR,
DELETE and MAKDIR return with error
#208-Illegal Service Request. The CREATE and
OPEN for Pipeman are the same code. All this
makes it ideal for its job.
Creating a PIPE can be very interesting. The
SHELL usually creates it for you, but you can
make your own in your programs. For example,
your program may want to direct its output through
a filter at some appropriate moment. You could
have it create a PIPE, redirect its standard output to
the filter, FORK to the filter, and have the filter's
input come from the PIPE. You can even get more
creative if you want Once you know how to do it.
There is one important concept to understand,
before we get into creating a real PIPE. It is how to
save the standard input and output paths while
creating new ones. We use the system call I$DUP,
which will duplicate a path. Here is the procedure.
We duplicate a standard path, say #0, the standard
input. Now we close #0, while saving the
duplicate path number. Now with I$DUP again,
we duplicate some other path that we want to be our
new standard input. 1$DUP assigns the lowest
available path number, which has to be #0. The
standard input is now from the a new path. When
finished, we reverse everything we did. We close
#0, duplicate the saved path which is our old
standard input path and close its duplicate.
Confused? Let's look at how to use with a PIPE.
I will outline how to do it. As you will see the
method can be transferred to almost any language.
You must be able to access I$DUP, F$FORK and
open and close paths. We'll demonstrate using:
LIST FILE ! STRIP
Here is the outline.
1. OPEN /PIPE in UPDATE mode.
2. Duplicate path #1. Save the duplicate and
Close #1.
3. Duplicate path of pipe. Now #1 will print to
the PIPE.
4. FORK to LIST with FILE as its parameter.
5. Restore the standard output. Close #1.
Duplicate the saved path. It becomes #1. Close its
duplicate.
6. Duplicate #0. Save the duplicate and Close
#0.
7. Duplicate the PIPE path and #0 will input
from the pipe.
8. FORK to STRIP
9. Close #0. Duplicate the saved path. #0 is now
restored and close its saved path.
10. Finally, close the path to the pipe.
Nothing to it, right? If you find this
complicated, confusing and something you just
don't want to do. Don't worry! The SHELL takes
care of it all for you.
A WORD WRAPPING PIPE
Last month's column was concerned with the
OS-9 Editor. If you've used it before, you know
that is a decent little program for creating text files.
It does lack many features of the more advanced
word-processors. One of them is wrap around.
Wrap around is a nice feature that lets you set the
line length. Then whenever a line's length is
exceeded, the remainder of it is placed on the next
line without chopping a word apart. Usually this is
done during the text entry, but it can be part of the
paginator too. With this in mind, I created a PIPE
that handles wrap around. It is the C program
listed at the end of the column.
'68' Micro Journal
Ma/ch-87
19
I called the program WRAP.C. It has 4 possible
commands. These are in the text file that it
processes. They are:
.NW No wrap around
. WR Wrap around
.LN=n Sets line length to n
.PP New paragraph
Anytime you want to change a feature use one of
these on a line. The dot in front of each command
tells WRAP that this is a control line. The dot must
be in column one. .NW and .WR toggle on and
off the wrap feature. .LN sets the maximum line
length. .PP causes a new paragraph to be started.
You may want to change this last command. Right
now, it terminates any pending paragraphs and
prints an extra carriage return. So paragraphs are
separated by a blank line. You can change this if
you like. Maybe you want your paragraphs
indented a few spaces. Better yet add two new
commands. .PPIN= can set the paragraph indent
and .PPSP can set the blank lines between
paragraphs.
Using this is relatively easy. Let's say you have
a file named REPORT.TXT and the first two lines
in the file read:
WR
.LN=60
Entering the following line will print the file to
another file with lines no more than 60 characters
long.
LIST REPORT.TXT ! WRAP >REPORT.NEW
If a command line, one that starts with a dot (.),
does not fit the model for the four commands that
WRAP recognizes, it will be passed through. This
means you can create more pipes to further process
you text. Perhaps you create program to add
margins and line numbers. Call it PAGER.
Another one can justify lines, adding spaces
between words to right justify line. It can be
JUSTIFY. Now entering:
LIST REPORT.TXT ! WRAP ! PAGER !
JUSTIFY >REPORT.NEW
will create a sharp formatted version of the
original text file with word wrap around, margins
and justifying..
Ill leave these innovations up to you. As you
can see using pipes can add a powerful new
dimension to what you do with OS-9. Use you
imagination. If you don't write C programs, try
BASIC09 or Pascal. Whatever the language you
work with, you can use it with PIPES. Just
remember, always remember to use only the
standard inputs arid outputs.
LISTIMC
1 /* Name: WRAP.C
2 By: Ron Voigts
3 Date: 15-OCT-86
4 To compile: CC1 WRAP.C
5
6 This program will add wrap around to
standard
7 text files, like files created with the
B OS-9 Editor. The features included here
are
9 -NW wrap OFF
10 .WR wrap ON
11 . LG-n change line length to n
12 .PP new paragraph */
13
14 linclude <stdio.h>
15 linclude <ctype.h>
16 Idefine OFF
17 Idefine ON I
18 Idefine FALSE
19 Idefine TRUE 1
20
21 char line|l331; /• input line •/
22 char t(133); /* temporary area •/
23 direct int length, /• line length */
24 position, /* cursor position "/
25 wrap; /* wrap status */
26
27 mainO
26 <
29 /* default values •/
30 wrap-OFF;
31 length-60;
32 posit lon-0;
33
34 /* input a line and process it */
35 while (gets (line) ! -NULL) (
36 if (linelO)"* . ')
37 command ( line) ;
38 else
39 if (wrap)
40 output (line) ,-
41 else
42 prlntf ("%s\n", line) ;
43 \
44 )
45
4 6 /• process line commands */
47 command (a)
4 6 char •■;
49 (
50 register int i;
51 int q;
52 /* copy t to s */
53 copy <s,t) ;
20
Me/cri'87
68' Micro Journal
54
55 /* match lines to commands */
113 register int i;
56 q— 1; /• default value */
114 /•* set up initial values */
57 If (conipare(t,".WR")~0) g-0;
115 space-FALSE;
58 If (compare (t,".NW")--0) q-1;
116 1-0;
59 if (compare (t.".PP")--0) g-2;
117 /* process lijie dividing it into words */
60 If (compare (t,".LG")--61) q-3;
118 while <*s!-'\0') (
61
119 if (»s--' ')
62 /* process the command type */
120 space-TROE;
63 switch (q) (
121 t|i++]-*s++;
64 case 0:
122 if I(*s!-' ') (( (space)) (
65 wrap-ON;
123 t[i]-'\0';
66 position-0;
124 print (t);
67 break;
125 i-0;
68 case 1 :
126 space-FALSE;
69 wrap-OFF;
127 I
70 If (posltlonl-0)
128 )
71 cr(l>;
129 /* wrap up any leftovers */
72 break;
130 if ((i!-0> it (t[0J!-' ')) (
73 case 2:
131 t [!++)-' ';
74 If (wrap cc (position>0) )
132 t(i)-'\0';
75 cr(2);
133 print (t);
76 else
134 )
77 cr(l);
135 )
78 break;
136
137 /* output a word and adjust position */
79 case 3:
138 print (t)
80 length-atoi (s+4) ;
139 char »t;
81 break;
82 default:
140 t
141 if (position+strlen(t)>length) {
83 prlntf ("%s\n",s) ;
84 }
142 cr(l);
85 ;.
143 position-0;
86
144 )
87 /• send out carriage returns */
145 prlntf ("*s",t) ;
88 cr(i)
146 position-positidn+strlen (t) ;
89 int 1;
147 )
90 (
148 /* copy command line to temporary line
91 register lnt j;
149 with capitals if necessary */
92 for (j-0; j<i; }++)
150 copy(s.t)
93 prlntf ("\n") ;
151 char »s. »t;
94 J
152 {
95
153 register int i;
96 /* compares 2 strings */
154 for (i-0; sliJl-'NO'; i++)
97 compare (s,t)
155 t(i]-touppar(s(iJ>;
98 char »s. »t;
156 t[i]-'\0';
99 {
157 }
100 register lnt 1;
158
101 i-0;
102 while (s|ij— t(il) B
:or
103 if (t[i + *l — 'VO')
104 return(O) ;
105 return (s[i J - t[i));
106 )
107
108 /* out put lines with wrap feature */
109 output (s)
110 char »s;
111 <
112 int space;
FOR THOSE WHO
1
MID l() h\<>\\
68 MICRO
JOURNAL™
'68' Micro Journal
Mar* «7
21
T Mac-Watch
Fur TImm
NMdim i
Uh to I
68 Ml
The Macintosh* Section
Reserved as a
LCMU
A place for your thoughts
And ours.
Mac-Watch
Spellswell
A Spelling
Checker & More
Back in those early days of pre- PC history
there were a group of us wandering the
countryside of do-it-yourself computing.
Remembering those days? Forgotten by many,
denied by some later- comers and embellished in
tales by 'old timers', there was one common
thread that held the whole thing together; we
knew that better things were coming (and most of
us weie having fun). Applications to do something
really useful with those klunky but marvelous
machines.
Everyone had his, or her, personal desirjes and
goals. Some wanted games, better games, faster
games, harder games and on. Others wanted faster
and higher resolution in math crunching, while
still others wanted educational applications,
business applications and the list was unending.
For my part I wanted word processing. And we
got it.
It didn't come fast. In fact it was a slow and
painful process. We were the 'Qrkin Man' of
the early micro days. There wasn't a digital or
hexadecimal bug that we were not prepared to face
and do battle with. Most times we won, but I
knew some poor souls who buckled under and
salvaged their sanity by dragging off to become
insurance salesmen, auto mechanics or for a few,
computer gurus. Me, I settled for writing and
publishing stuff about them, rather than remain the
pure hacker.
From nothing but hex keypads or toggle
switches, to TV writers that posed as CRT
drivers, and old (and some not so old TV
receivers), to paper tape, to CRTs, to cassette tape
(300-1200 baud), to intelligent terminals, to mini
disk drives and then we tumbled into a world of
delicious Winchester technology, 80 bit math
crunchers, 32 bit address jumbos and other
majestic digital marvels! And all that time I
plodded along, and gladly embraced all the new
soft/hardware that made my job easier. For in the
end, the whole lot of them were nothing but tools,
crude tools at first but slowly maturing.
Today we can prepare our entire magazine, all
the way from idea to press ready signatures, with
an economy micro costing less than what we once
paid for just one Winchester drive. And that
system has a CPU that is a direct descendent of
those early day marvels of digital wonderment.
Remember?
When the Apple Macintosh arrived we bought
one of the very first. After all it had a 68000. It
was a wonderfully laid out concept, just waiting
for the rest of the micro-world to catch up. It had
superior graphics, and the slowest disk access
system we had ever seen. It was slower than our
earliest kludged disk systems. It was practically an
orphan in so far as support applications were
concerned. There was MacWrite and MacPaint,
both furnished by Apple, and that was about all. It
was going to be awhile before the rest of the world
caught up with the Mac.
Today things are different. The Mac has
finally matured. Applications are springing up like
wild onions in March. And the strange thing about
it is that most of them are really quality products.
Some sneaking over from the PC arena and others
homegrown.
22
Mart* "87
'68' Micro Journal
Spreadsheets you wouldn't believe,
accounting applications that were too tough for the
better minis just a few yeais back, applications that
can find a place in about any business, anywhere.
And they all are very affordable. But, for me the
crowning finally came when Desktop Publishing
arrived. We embraced it as if it was an end in
itself. Of course, it isn't, it is still just a tool.
However, it finally allowed us to do what we had
wanted from those early days of adventure. That is
to make it accomplish our task! Simple really,
wasn't it?
Today I have at my disposal a variety of word
processing applications. From the very simple to
the mind boggling sublime. I can output to
everything from modems, networks, seivers, dot
matrix printers to daisy wheel printers to nearly
professionally perfect laser printers and much
more.
However, for some reason which I find hard
to understand, but only recently has there been a
good, note, I say - good spelling checker. On the
SSO bus we had really good ones years ago, but I
guess we were ahead of our time.
In the Macintosh market community there are
several spelling checkeis to choose from. We tried
several, but I guess I was spoiled by spellers
mnning on some of our 68XX(X) systems, none
seemed to quite cut the mustard. That is until we
received one named Spellswell.
Spellswell does do it well. Fact is, we decided
to review this product alone, as it is heads and
shoulders above all the others, for the Mac, that
we have used. Not only am I impressed with the
product but I am especially impressed with the
'after' support. A quality product from quality
folks.
Spellswell is supplied with a 93,000 plus or a
60,000 or so word dictionary. Depending on the
storage size of your disks drives, you have a
choice. Also included in the package is a
homonym checker. It like the main dictionary is
user expandable and editable.
After your file is digested by the speller you
are presented with several options for correcting
the file or massaging the dictionaries. Among it's
more significant features are the following.
1. As you edit the suspected words in your lile you have
several 'automatic' options. You may deal individually with each word
each time it appears, or you may option to have them automatically
dealt with each time thereafter. This feature can save a tot ol key
bashing.
2. Proper nouns that are not capitalized are detected and
(lagged lor your allenllon. Capitalization, fonts and other editor
options are maintained lor the entire document.
3. Incorrect hyphenation is flagged and questioned. Missing
apostrophes are dealt with in a like manner. Missing spaces between
words and sentences are defected, as wel as flagging for action
duplicated words, such as the the, etc.
4. Abbreviations that are not correct are caught and all can bt
corrected immediately.
In addition to plain text documents, Spellswell
will scan and correct documents from most all
Macintosh editing applications, including
MacWrite 4.5, WORD 1.0 and 1.05, WORKS,
Living Videotext More, ThinkTank, Jazz and
many more (but not Telescape, or at least our
version).
At this point we ran into the one and only
problem experienced with Spellswell. The files
that were ported into the Mac via Telescape (a
modem program) would not agree with the
internals of Spellswell. And that seemed to be a
big'un as we use(ed) Telescape as our primary
modem program.
As soon as the problem was discovered (real
soon like) I had a call placed to the publisher of
Spellswell to alert them to our findings. Having
dealt with several other Macintosh product
vendors, I was surprised at the reception my call
received.
Immediately, as soon as I told the young lady
answering the telephone that I had a problem to
report, I was connected with someone who could
discuss the problem with me. No waiting, no
telephone symphony, immediate action!
After I explained the problem the fellow on the
other end request that I send the file to them,
Federal Ovemite Express, COD. We did. And
believe it or not but within 18 hours of dispatching
the disk to them they were back on the phone to
acknowledge that indeed there was a problem and
that it would be reckoned with immediately! Also
they asked us to send them another, FedX and
COD but this time in raw format We did and less
than 24 hours later they called again to say that the
problem had been identified and that a, get this, a
special filter program would be written
immediately and sent to us to filter out the extra
nulls our modem program was putting in the file!
However, by this time I had dug into the
document file and discovered that extra nulls were
being introduced into our ported files, following
each SOD carriage return. We had already switched
modem programs to the one furnished in our
SideKick collection, named MacTerm. It works
like a good program should.
Even though we cured the problem by
switching to another program, it was a real treat
being dealt with as we were. I cannot say too
much about the excellent support the folks who
supply Spellswell went to. Isn't it a shame that
others don't do likewise.
Spellswell is not a DA. It is a full blown
application. You close your text file and then select
it from within Spellswell. You must, one time, tell
Spellswell where the dictionary is on the disk, and
from then on it remembers. Spellswell then loads
in your document, up to about 8,000 words at a
'68' Micro Journal
Maich'87
23
time. Documents larger are checked in 8,000 word
blocks until finished. This makes it fairly fast.
As each suspect word is encountered you have
several options, as stated above. You are
prompted to skip, add, replace or delete the
suspected word. As each suspect word is
presented for action a dictionary scroll box will be
filled with woids that fall close to the spelling of
the suspect word. Also a 'suggested replacement'
window contains a word the speller feels you
might want to use. You have the option of editing
that window or click selecting a word from the
dictionary window. Either way gets your suspect
word corrected, provided of course that it really is
wrong. From the dictionary window you can scan
the entire dictionary. All standard Macintosh
protocols hold for windows and editing actions
while using Spellswell. Replacement words not in
the dictionary will be added to the dictionary if you
so reply to it's prompt requesting such action.
There is a Short Cuts menu. There you can
permanently opt to have all the normal 'slap, add.
replace and delete' prompts apply to all
reoccurrence of suspect words. Each can be
momentarily de-selected and you will get the
replace all occurrences' question again.
When words are added to the dictionary you
are prompted (if you have not select auto from the
short cuts menu) for different suffixes and
capitalization of your word to be added. If Quick
Short Cut is selected no box is presented,
however, the word is saved with whatever
capitalization it had in your document. When it is
tested capitalization is not considered, unless it is
used as a replacement, then if you checked it to
require capitalization, it will be placed into your
document capitalized. Proper nouns, such as days
of the week, or the names of months are forced to
capitalization. This may be disabled by selection in
the Short Cuts menu.
The delete command can be used on the
dictionary window to remove words from the
dictionary. Believe it or not, but this is a feature
not supported by all the Mac spelling checkers.
Abbreviations, contractions and diacritical
marks are all handled in a normal way. Characters
such as A and E are dealt with properly. Words
containing diacritical marks may be replaced or
corrected but are not added, as such, to the
dictionary.
While homonym checking is fine for some, I
keep it turned off. There is just too much asking
me if it really should be - to, as used in to bed, or
too, as in too much, or two as in two times is
enough. This is a nice touch, but I pass on this
feature. Although you can suppress certain groups
of words being prompted or simply stop checking
them all. Or they are just forgotten if checked off
in the Short Cuts menu. A homonym dictionary is
maintained, and can be added to via the program
or edited by any editor, as it is maintained as a
regular text file.
When closing, Spellswell notifies you of the
total number of suspect words encountered and the
total number of words contained in your
document. Also you have the option of a file to be
maintained for that particular document containing
all the 'skipped' words. If saved, and the
document re-edited, you will not have to go
through the 'skip' process all over again.
Most of the functions used in correcting your
document have keyboard-command key options.
Saves a lot of mouse clicking once learned. Me, I
caught on after one session with a 12,000 word
document.
Spellswell is not copy protected. A scheme
that has put grey hairs on most who have hard
disk drives. Also registered owners are notified of
bugs and feature updates.
When we started to review spelling checkers,
this was one of several. All the others were either
so flawed or had other traits I felt were
undesirable, I decided to confine our review to this
one particular product. It is, by far, superior to
any other we have seen or used. Not only in
operation, but in support. To me, support is of
prime consideration. Did you ever have to sit
there, telephone hung to your ear, for what
seemed like hours, maybe listening to some lousy
excuse for music, as your long distance meter kept
rolling merrily along? If so, you will soon learn to
appreciate good support. We got it here in spades!
If some equal or better comes along, we will
let you know. But, for now, Spellswell is the only
one tha t does it all so painlessly! And they seem to
care!
Spellswell is available directly from:
Greene, Johnson, Inc.
321 Alvarado - Suite H
Monterey, CA 93940
(408) 375-2828
Or at most good Apple software retailers.
The price: $74.95
A Staff Review
EOF
FOR THOSE WHO\
I
in K\(>\\
68 MICRO
JOURNAL
TMl
24
March's/
'68' Micro Journal
Forth
A Tutorial Series
By: R. D. Lurie
9 Linda Street
Leominister, MA 01 543
GRAPHICS WITH FORTH
It was very easy to write graphics commands
for FORTH. All I had to do was copy the ANSI
commands from the instruction manual and there it
was! I could draw circles and lines and boxes and
you-name-ituntil my fingers got tired. And I could
write in bright, blinking, underlined, reversed
video text to the point that the whole thing was
unreadable. It was a lot of fun! First, a little
background is in order. My terminal is actually a
Z80 computer running CP/M. No, I have not
defected or taken leave of my senses. Instead, I
have taken advantage of the situation created by
IBM. This is one of those "standard" CP/M office
computers which have been rendered obsolete by
BIG BLUE. It has all of the usual bells and
whistles of a good desk-top system, but it also
comes with a program designed specifically to
convert it into a smart terminal. This includes
being able to store received text directly into a disk
file, and to send a disk file directly to the host
computer. Of course, it was expected that the host
would be a mainframe or a mini, but I found that it
works very well with my GIMIX, etc. system.
About the only change I need to make in the
GIMIX software is to add X-ON/X-OFF
capability, since.this is what the terminal program
expects to see at the other end of the line. Right
now, I am limited to 2400 baud between the two
units, but the software patch should allow 9600
baud, possibly even 19200 baud. I definitely
recommend this route to any one else looking for a
first-class terminal for a very low price.
Everything should be nearly perfect as soon as I
can get a FORTH-83 for CP/M.
ANSII Graphics ESC Sequences
Now I know what Ron Anderson was talking
about a few months ago with his complaints about
the indeterminate length of the ANSI ESC
sequences for controlling a computer terminal.
Some of the graphics commands can run from 3 to
IS characters in length, depending on the details of
the specific request. I hate to think of the problems
of handling that variable length in most languages,
but it is a snap in FORTH! You just call the
command string, with the coordinates on the Data
Stack, and let the computer do the rest. All of the
ANSI codes of interest, here, consist of a prefix,
one or more numbers separated by semicolons,
and a suffix. The numbers are the parameters of
the command; that is, where, how, or what kind?
The suffix is the way the terminal can know what
to do with the numbers. For instance, the only
difference between "draw a line to X,Y" and "peek
screen RAM at X.Y" is the difference between "L"
and "R" as suffixes.
The main inconvenience with the ANSI
commands is that you cannot embed any sort of
null-character within the command string. This
means that you cannot pad the suing with <SP> or
<NULL> or anything else. It is literally a case of
what you send is what you get.
Fortunately, FORTH lets you control string
formatting in a dynamic manner, so that you do
not have to send any <SP>'s, if you don't want
to. Normally, the only thing that can change
within a particular string is the value of one or
more graph coordinates. Therefore, if you just
push your X and Y values onto the Data Stack as
double numbers, the words <# #S #> TYPE will
send exactly what you need to the terminal. I'll
discuss the detail of this in a moment
Command Prefix
Since this terminal actually uses only a subset
of the possible ANSI commands, I did not have to
worry about providing for a tremendous variety of
different command prefixes. In fact, only 2 were
necessary for graphics, and 3 more are required
for text. This subset is exactly that required to
'68' Micro Journal
Mvdt'87
25
emulate the DEC VT100 terminal, which has been
a standard for the mini industry for years. More
about that at another time.
All commands begin with <ESC> and one
more character, which, when taken together, form
a prefix for any command within a specific group
of commands. For example, the two-character
combination of <ESC><?> always signals the
beginning of a graphics command. Other
combinations signal other jobs.
This installment has the program examples
shown in their oiiginal FORTH screen format.
This will make it easier to refer to different
sections of the program.
Screen #107 has the definitions of .<ESC> and
.<?> . The definitions are named this way
because, in FORTH, the . is normally used to
prefix the name of any command which causes
printable output; and < and > are often used in text
to indicate a single key or key-stroke; so I have
used them in what I think is a logical manner.
The definition of .<ESC> is obvious, since we
simply want to transmit the ASCII code 27
(decimal); however, .<?> was done differently in
order to emphasize the purpose of the definition. I
expect this self-documentation to be a great help in
understanding the code months from now.
The other two words in Screen #107 are meant
for the text cursor and a general purpose screen
clearing command.
Transmitting Numbers
Since those commands which use more than
one number require that the numbers be separated
by a semicolon, it was necessary to define .<;>
(which is also used in the prefix of many text
commands). Screen #108 shows that this
definition is exactly like that of .<?> in screen
#107. Notice that careful attention must be paid to
typing definitions of this class; a slip of the finger
could cause an unwanted <SP> to be sent, and
that bug could be the very devil to find!
Remember that sometimes a command has only
one parameter, but a command can often have 2,
or even more, parameters. As a result, it is
convenient to have two routines, one for those
cases requiring a semicolon, and one for those
cases not requiring a semicolon. Notice the
difference between NUM-OUT and NUM-OUT; .
The semicolon is part of the name of the second
word!
The first thing that happens in NUM-OUT is
that a (zero) is pushed onto the Data Stack. This
automatically converts the top integer into a double
number, which is required for the built-in
number-to-ASCII conversion definitions. The
value of a positive integer is not changed by this
technique, but it will not work for a negative
integer.
I did not bother to protect against a negative
integer being on the Data Stack, since the graphics
routines do not make any provision for negative
arguments. I believe that this sort of protection, if
desired, should be put in the calling routines, since
it is not always needed; so, why waste the time?
The phrase <# #S #> TYPE will convert the
double number on top of the stack into an ASCII
string and send it to the display. No extra fill
characters are sent with this form of the command
NUM-OUT; differs only in that the number is
followed by a semicolon. Nothing else is sent.
Graphics Cursor
All graphics work on this terminal is predicated
on there being an invisible graphics cursor. The
position of this cursor determines the center of
circles and arcs and the beginning of lines.
Therefore, there must be a command to control the
position of this cursor. 1 have used GRXY ,
standing for GRaphics XY. as the name of this
definition. It is entered with two integers, the X
and Y coordinates, on the Data Stack. The value of
Y must be on top of the stack (the last one
entered). This is simply a bit of user-friendliness,
because that is the order we learned to use in
school for graph coordinates.
One key to good FORTH programmi ng is the
technique of "factoring" definitions. I have already
shown one obvious case of this in the definition of
NUM-OUT; , where most of the code is the same
as for NUM-OUT . A similar case can be made for
factoring the definition of GRXY , since the next
eight definitions all begin with the same code,
which is the heart of GRXY . I have named this
factored portion of GRXY as (GRXY) , which is
the first definition in screen #109.
Unfortunately, the actual operation of moving
must be done first on the X axis. Therefore, the
first step in the definition is SWAP , which simply
exchanges X and Y on the Data Stack. This is
followed by transmitting the ESC? preamble, the
X coordinate, a semicolon, and the Y coordinate.
26
March *7
'68' Micro Journal
The definition GRXY simply calls (GRXY)
and then transmits the letter "C", which terminates
the command. The "C" is actually the portion of
the command which tells the terminal that we want
the giaphics cursor moved to X,Y.
By the way, be sure to remember that the
graphics cursor and the text cursor are not related
in any way! They move completely independently
of each other and may, or may not, occupy the
same screen coordinates.
Marking a Point
My terminal allows five different ways of
marking a point on the screen. The alternatives are
" - t »*.. .. + .. f .. " t or « x » In all fivc cascs lhc
procedure is the same, except for the terminating
sequence. The details are shown in screens
#109-111.
DOT is unique, among the markers, in that it
does not need a parameter. This, obviously,
makes DOT the default case. Therefore, we only
need transmit (GRXY) and "M" in order to mark
the screen with a ".".
Since the other four point markers all require a
parameter, as well as the "M" terminator, a
semicolon must be included in the transmitted
string. The easiest solution to this requirement is
the addition of a semicolon to the definition of
(GRXY) to make (GRXY); . Remember that the
semicolon is pan of the name of this definition.
Line
No graphics program would be complete
without a convenient way to draw a line. Since
LINE is a part of the EDITOR vocabulary, LINE
could also be used here, but I wanted to emphasize
the purpose of the definition, so I chose GLINE
for its name. GLINE stands for Graphics LINE.
It appears that GLINE , like DOT , was
considered to be a default operation, so no
parameters are required, beyond the expected X
and Y coordinates. As a result, the definition
consists only of (GRXY) and the terminator "L".
Notice that no semicolon is required.
Examples
I have included a couple of simple examples of
using GLINE in graphics definitions, BOX and
SOLID-BOX . BOX is written in FORTH-83 and
uses PICK so that there is no need to provide for
external storage. In contrast, SOLID-BOX uses
external variables, so its def inition could be used
in FORTH-79, FORTH-83, and fig-FORTH (if
you initialize the variables). Actually, I think that
you would be using variables for storing the
coordinates, anyway, so the technique used in
SOLID-BOX would probably be more convenient,
in the long run.
BOX just draws a rectangle from the supplied
coordinates. It makes no difference which X,Y
coordinate pair is entered first; the drawing of the
box will begin and end with the first pair of
coordinates entered. I think that the definition is
adequately explained by the comments on the
screen, so I will not take up much time with any
additional description. I do want to point out that
the "DS" in the comments refers to the Data Stack,
and the sequence of X 1 , Y 1 , etc. is the order they
follow on the stack; the right-most value is the
next one available (the stack top).
SOLID-BOX draws a box which is filled by
the foreground color. The box is drawn by
repetitively drawing a horizontal line from left to
right and from top to bottom. The DO ... LOOP
limit is initialized by a subtraction, so you must
make sure that the coordinates are entered in the
order which will yield a positive number. There is
no error trapping, as I did not want to complicate
the example; add it if you want it.
The algorithm is quite simple. For each
iteration of the loop, the graphics cursor is moved
to the next available position, and a line is drawn
from there to the corresponding point at the
righthand side of the screen.
The rather cryptic phrase 1000 DO LOOP has
nothing directly to do with drawing the figuie. As
I said in my opening remarks, I have not yet
perfected the communication between the
computer and the terminal; this phrase is here
strictly for the purpose of slowing down the
drawing operation so that the computer doesn't
overrun the terminal.
I debated with myself whether or not to leave it
in the example. I finally decided that some of you
may have the same kind of problem that I am
having, and, by leaving the extra loop in place,
you could see a convenient technique and place for
slowing your system. Leave it out, at first, and
only add it if you actually find that you ne«d it.
Well, that is enough on graphics, for now. The
point in showing all of this is to illustrate that it is
easy to send variable length data strings to a
display device from FORTH. Even if you are not
interested in graphics, the technique can be useful
for any sort of program output.
68' Micro Journal
March's/
27
I have also tried to show some examples of
"factoring" FORTH definitions, so that repetitive
elements can be combined into a few reusable
definitions. That way, program readability is
improved and RAM consumption is reduced.
OVERKILL
The joke is on me! Some friends at the local
FIG chapter pointed out a problem with the C
functions I included in an earlier column.
Essentially, the problem is that I committed one of
the cardinal sins of FORTH programming~I died
to spruce up a definition with overkill. I made the
return of the FALSE flag so much more
complicated than necessary that I made the
definitions execute much more slowly than they
could run. This is no problem for an occasional
reference to a definition, but would be readily
noticed in a program to scan a long text
Fortunately, the solution to the problem is so
simple that it really needs no explanation, only an
example. Screen #114 shows a revised definition
for 7ISSPACE which executes much quicker than
the old definition. To make the change, you only
need to delete the last line of the definition, put the
semicolon after ENDCASE , and add FALSE
SWAP just before ENDCASE .
If anyone has any more improvements, I would
like to hear from you, please.
Hat coll. lit
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EOF
I 114
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68 MICRO
I JOURNAL
TNI I
26
March o7
•68' Micro Journal
r
Build A RS-232
BREAKOUT BOX
I
By:
Bury Balilslri
151 Midglen Place S.E.
Calgary, Albert* T2X 1H6
Oh, boy! I just got my new printer! Now let's
get it hooked up and see how it works. Gee, I
wonder if I have a cable that will work? Let's try
this onc.no won't work. Well, let's pull out
the manual and see what we need. Oh no, the
manual is a very poor translation of Japanese
and after reading it twenty times I still can't
understand it. Now where's the manual for my
computer? I'll wade through that and see if I can
find the RS-232 interface pin designations. Hmrn...
maybe if I hook this up and connect these with
some jumpers and cut this one and splice it to
here. Oh! Oh! Was that a spark I saw when the
jumper slipped off this terminal and hit another?
Well let's spend another thrae hours to find out
that I blew the RS-232 driver chip.
Does this sound familiar to anyone??? After my
latest episode of the "unstandard" RS-232 standard
I decided it was time for me to go and buy a
"RS-232 breakout box". A RS-232 breakout box is
a device which has a ribbon cable with a male
DB-2S plug on one end, another ribbon cable with
a female DB-2S socket on it and a box with two
sets of terminals which connect to either ribbon
cable. The breakout box is used by connecting it to
each device and placing jumpers between the
connector terminal pairs until you get the proper
connection.
A stroll to my favorite electronics supplier
left me in shock as many of these exceeded the
price of my printer. Sure, there were some very
nice ones with pretty lights, logic probes and
many other real nice goodies. But the price was
way out of line for a hobbyist. This set me to
thinlrin g about how I could use their "caviar" ideas
and build myself a "bread and butter" model. I
began to round up the necessary parts; ten feet
of twenty-five conductor ribbon cable, one each
of a crimp type DB-2S male and female connector,
a 4x6 plastic box (remember plastic!), and the
heart of the whole thing, a 2 row by 34 contact
solderless breadboard.
To assemble the whole thing what you need to
do is as follows: Make sure the solderless
breadboard is the type with a paper backing. This
paper is quite easily removed from the breadboard
by lifting a comer and peeling it away. Caution!
Do not let the paper adhesive pull the small metal
strips which will be exposed out of their slots. If
necessary you can use a small amount of alcohol
to soften the adhesive. These small metal strips
will be where you will solder each of the 25
stripped wires on each ribbon cable. I cut a slot in
each side of the box to run the ribbon cables in and
cut a larger slot in the top which will be where the
stripped ends of the wires meet the breadboard
Run the ribbon cables in their respective sides and
up through the top. Strip all the wires and
solder them carefully to each metal strip exposed on
the bottom of the breadboard.
I chose to skip one conector every five, removed
the metal strip and filled the empty chamber with
white epoxy so I could not insert a wire from the
top. I found this to be convenient as you can count
by fives and you're less likely to be off on your
count, but do it however you like. Guide the
ribbon cables down and place the breadboard
over the large cutout. Fasten the breadboard to the
plastic box with the mounting holes (I hope
yours has them). Crimp the DB-25 connectois to
the cable by aligning the cable correctly in the
connector and clamping the connector closed in a
vise. The only way to correctly do the crimping is
in a vise, there are other ways but I don't think you
want to take a chance with open or shoited
contacts. That's all there is to it. Now what you
do is hook the breakout box between the two
devices and make your Dial connections with #
22 gauge solid wire fiom the one side of the
breadboard to the other.
'68* Micro Journal
March '87
29
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INPUT DATA VALIDATION
Irifwi rlw. muv tip m th h fc-i at .w
l.i*4a«1
UaeM
ARmwrncoptftATORs
SPECIAL FEATIJRK,
MAXIMA ANS) MINIMA
It DM Uirl V ?*>■
Mtkanum rpriiciii pw H* In ma
M*«mun» Ih ■■ fndnm I'.
HMmjmiTKiHM
iblnmril
SCREEN FORM LANGUAGE
PUOCaAMS
O DdbMfifwtfWvoul
nSliaMWI
■ F«nlav *i '*■ «^ pvm 4nd
• Full D-»elowm«it •VUgr
•• Kua Tine Onlj
•" CKrfFlli Ubnn
MUSTANG-020 Users ■
Ask For Your Special Discount!
MUSTANG-020
0&9 UnifLEX
IBM Compatibles
Tandy CoCo in
$995
n
H
M
**
$199
N
H
H
000
JS95
n
n
n
IBM PC/XT/AT MSDOS
AT&T 3B1 UNIX
SWTPC 68010 UoUOfX
SWTPC 68010 UNIX
•
$595
$1595
$1990
••
$119
ft
$319
$398
•••
$595
ft
$798
$995
...Sculptor Will Run On Over 100 Other Types Of Machines.-
„.CaD For Pricing...
!!! Please Specify Your Make of Computer and Operating System !!!
30
March -87
'68' Micro Journal
DISASSEMBLERS
SUPER SLEUTH from Computer Systems ConiulUntt
Interactive Disassembler; extremely POWERFUL! Disk File
Binary/ASCII Examine/Change, Absolute or FULL
Disassembly. XREF Generator, Lalxl "Name Changer", and
Files of "Standard Label Names" for different Operating
Systems.
Color Computer SS-SO Bus (oil wt A L. Source)
CCD (32K Read) Obj 0«h S49.00
F. $99.00 . CCF. Obj. Only $50.00 U. $100 00
CCF, wtSource $99.00 0, $101 M
CCO. Obj. Only $50.00
0S9 68K Obj $100.00 wlSource $200.00
DYNAMITE* - Hxceliem standard "Batch Mode" Disassembler.
Include! XKEF Generator and "Standard Label" File*. Special
05-9 options w/ OS-9 Version.
CCF, Obj. Only $100.00 . CO. Obj. Only $ 59 95
F. m m $1001)0 . 0. object only $150.00
V. m ' $300.00
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
PL/9 from Windruih Micro Systems — By Gtaham Troll. A
combination Editor Compiler Debugger. Direct lource-to-
object compilation delivering fail, compact, re-entrant,
ROM-able. PIC. 8 & 16-bit Inlegen A 6-digit Real numbers
for all real world problems. Duea control over ALL System
moorcti, including intemipu. Comprebeniive library
supposi; limple Machine Code interface; srep by step tracer
for instant debugging. 500 + page Manual with luloiial
guide.
F. CCF ■ $198M
PASC from S.B. Media - A Hex9 Compiler with a definite Pascal
"flavor". Anyone with a bit of Pucal experience should be
able to begin using PASC to good effect in short older. The
PASC package cornea complete with three cample programs:
ED (a syntax or structure editor), EDITOR (a simple, public
domain, screen editor) and CHESS (a simple chess program),
lite PASC package come complete with source (written in
PASC) and documentation.
FLEX $95.00
WHIMSICAL from S.E. MEDIA Now supports Real Numbers.
"Structured Programming" WITHOUT losing the Speed and
Control of Assembly Language! Single-pasa Compiler
features unified, user-defined I/O. produces ROMable Code;
PrMcdvrcs and Modules (including precompiled Modules);
many "Types" up to 32 bit Integers, 6-digit Real Number?,
unlimited sized Arrays (vectors only); Interrupt handling;
long Variable Names; Variable Initialization: Include
directive; Conditional compiling; direct Code insertion;
control of the Slack Pointer; etc. Run -Time subroutines
inserted as called during compilation. Normally products
10% less cod* Ikon PU9.
F and CCF . $195.00
KANSAS CITY BASIC from S.E. Media ■ Basic for Color
Computer 0S.9 with many new commands and sub functions
■dded. A full implcmenuiiai of the IF-THENELSE logic is
included, allowing nesting to 255 levels. Strings are
supponed and a subset of the usual suing functions such ax
LEFTS, RIGHTS. MIDS. STRINGS, etc. are included.
Variables are dynamically allocated. Also included are
additional features such as Peek and Poke. A must for any
Color Computer user running OS-9.
CoCo OS-9 $39.95
C Compiler from Wlndrusb Micro Systems by James
McCosh. Full C for FLEX except bit-fields, including an
Assembler. Requires the TSC Relocating Assembler if user
desires lo implement his own Libraries.
F and CCF - J295.O0
C Compiler from Introl - Full C except Doubles and Bit
^ T«l«» S 106006630
(615)842-4600 A
.t»M liar
5900 Casaandra Smith Rd
Huaon. TN 37343
1« uitormirion
CAM C#*S> S42-4SOI
CoCo OS-*'" CLISt"
SQFTWBE
Fields, stream lined for the 6809. Reliable Compiler, FAST,
efficient Code. More UNDC Compatible than roost.
FLEX. CCF. OS-9 (Level II ONLY). U - S575M
PASCAL Compiler from Lucldata - ISO Based P-Code
Compiler. Designed especially for Microcomputer Systems.
Allows linkage to Assembler Code for maximum flexibility.
F and CCF 5" - J99 95 F 8" ■ $99.95
PASCAL Compiler from OmegiSoft (now Certified
Software) - For the PROFESSIONAL: ISO Basad. Native
Code Compiler. Primaiily for Real-Time and Process
Control applications. Powerful; Flexible. Requires a
"Motorola Compatible" Relo. Asmb. and Linking Loader.
F and CCF - $425.00 - One fear Main. $100J30
0S.9 68000 Version . $900 DO
K BASIC - from S.E. MEDIA - A "Niiiive Code" BASIC
Compiler which is now Fully TSC XBASIC compatible. The
compiler compiles to Assembly Language Source Code. A
NEW, streamlined. Assembler is now included allowing the
assembly of LARGE Compiled K-BASIC Programs.
Conditional assembly raduoes Run-lime package.
FLEX. CCF, OS-9 Compiler /Assembler $199.00
CRUNCH COBOL from S.E. MEDIA - Support* laige subset of
ANSI! Level I COBOL wilh many of Ihe useful Level 2
features. Full FLEX FSe Structures, including Random Files
and Ihe ability to process Keyed Files. Segment and link
large programs at runtime, or implemented as a set of
overlays. The System requires 56K and CAN be run wilh a
single Disk System. A very popular product.
FLEX. CCF. Normally $199.00
Special Introductory Price 199.95
FORTH from Steams Electronics •• A CoCo FORTH
Programming Language. Tailored lo the CoCol Supplied on
Tape, transferable lo disk. Written in FAST ML Many
CoCo functions (Graphics. Sound, etc). Includes an Editor,
Trace, etc. Provides CPU Cany Flag eccessibuily. Fasl Task
Multiplexing, Clean Interrupt Handling, etc for Ihe "Pro*.
Excellent "Learning" tool!
Color Computer ONLY - $58.95
DATABASE ACCOUNTING
XaVMS from Westchester Applied Business Systems
FOR 6809 FLEXSK-DOS(S/«")
Up lo 32 groups/ficldi per record I Up lo 12 character filed
name I Up lo 1024 byte records I User defined screen and print
con [roll Process files! Form filcsl Conditional executionl
Process chain ingl Upward/Downward file linkingl File
joining! Random file virtual pagingl Built in utilities! Built
in text line editor! Fully session oriented! Enhanced forms!
Boldface. Double width. Italics and Underline supportedl
Written in compact structured assembler! Integrated for FAST
executionl
XDMS-IV Data Management System
XDMS-IV is a brand new approach lo data management It not
only permits users lo describe, enter and retrieve dala, but
Availability Ugarvts-
F - FLEX. CCF - Color CompuwFlEX
O . OS-9, CCo > Color Comr»/*r O&S
U .UtsFijex:
CCO « Cos* Computer [Mil
CCT -Color Comtxasr Taps
■OS4»«Tr«b*iwxo»krkiowar» andHMorela
' FLEX • a Trartomark of Tacrine-! SfSarre ConuJUr* s
!!! Please Specify Your Operating System & Disk Si/e !!!
' Shipping
Add2%USA
(min $2 50)
Add S% Surface Foreign
10% Air Foreign
SB' Micro Journal
Marti) '87
31
(6*5)
Telex &10S000630
842-4600 A
5900 CiBiindra Smith fid
Hution. TN 37343
for uifO'ifiatioA
CoCo 0»-»"* Hi*'"
S.FTUI/H.E
•bo 10 pncai enure filet producing cuttomued rcpom,
icreen diiplayi tad Tile output- Procuring can contua of any
of • let of cundard high level runciioni including record end
field selection, toning and aggregation, lookupf in other
file*, ipedal proceuing of record luhietl, curtom report
formatting, totaling sod fubcouling. tad pniratiuoo of op
to three reined file* ■• ■ "diubue" on uier defined output
report t.
rOWERRfl. CTIVtMANDS
XDMS-IV combine! ihc fanctinulily of m«ny popular DBMS
tohwire lyitemi with ■ new euy to uie command let into •
tingle integrated package. We've included many new feature!
and command i including a iet of gcneial file utililiei. The
pnazxaing r— ww>« ail are Input -Proccxi -Outf%a (IPO) oriented
which allowi almost iniunl implementation of a procesi
design.
S^XTJ CKEXTEDI
XDMSJV ia isiiion oriented. Enter "XDMS" and you are in
iniumt command of all the fcaiurei. No more wailing for a
command to load in from disk! Many command] are
immediate, such e» CREATE (file definition). UPDATE (file
editor), PURGB and DELETE (utilities) tMm are process
cotnmandi which are tued to create a uier proem which ii
executed with a RUN *■*""'»"-* Either may be entered into a
"proceu" file which ii executed by an EXECUTB itaientenL
Processes may execute other product, or themielvea, either
conditiooally or unconditionally. Menui and icreen prompt!
are eaiily coded, and entire uier application! can be run
without ever leaving XDMS-1V1
rrSEASYTOUSEI
XDMS-IV keep* data management limptel Rather than design
a complex DBMS which hide* the mat nature of the data, we
kept XDMS-IV file oiiented. The uier view of data
relalionihipi ii presented rs repair* and icreen output, while
the actual data reside* in euy to maintain file*. Thii upaa
permit* customized presentation and reporu without complex
redefinition of the database filet and Uruclure. XDMS-IV may
be uied for a wide lange of application! from limple record
management lyitemi (addrctict, inventory ...) to integrated
databaic lyitemi (order entry, accounting...). The
potiibililici are unlimited...
FOR 6809 FLEX.SK.DOS(S/8") $349.95
ASSEMBLERS
ASTRUK09 from S.B. Media - A "Structured Aiaembler for the
6809" which require! the TSC Macro Aitembler.
F . CCF - $99.95
Macro Anembler for TSC - The FLEX STANDARD
Aitembler,
Sptcial - CCF $35.00; F 15000
OSM Extended 6809 Macro Aitembler from Lloyd I/O. -
Provide! local labcli. Motorola S-racordt. and Intel Hex
records; XREP- OencC»r»le OS-9 Memory module! under
FLEX
FLEX. CCF. OS-9 $99.00
Relocating Aiitmbltr/Linking Loader from TSC. - Uie
with many of Ibe C and Paical Coinpilen.
F, CCF $150.00
MACE, by Graham Troti from Windruib Micro Systems -- Co-
Reiideol Editor and Aitembler: fail interactive A.L.
Progiammbig for mull id medium -sized Program!.
F. CCF .moo
XMACB - MACE w/Crou Aiicmbler for 68
00/1/2/3/8 F. CCF . $98.00
CROSS ASSEMBLERS
TRUE CROSS ASSEMBLERS from Computer Syitcmi
Consultant! Support! 1802/5. 2-80.
6800/1/2/3/8/1 l/HC 11. 6804. 6805/HC0S/ 146805.
6809/00/01. 6502 family, 8080/5. 8020/1/2/35/C35/39/
40/48/C48/49/C49/50/8748/49. 8031/51/8751, and 68000
Syitemt. Aitembler and Lilting formal! lame ai target
CPU*! format. Prudnco machine independent Motorola S-
TexL
68000 or 6809. FLEX. CCF, OS9, UniFLEX
any object or sourct tack - $5000
any 3 objtel or sourct tack • $100.00
Stt of ALL obit a $20000 - sourct $300.00
X AS M Cron Aiiembten for FLEX from S.E. MEDIA - Thu
iet of 6800/1/2/3/5/8. 6301. 6502. 8080/5, and Z80 Crou
Aiiemblcri uiei the familiar TSC Macro Anembler
Canmand Line and Source Code formal, Anembler option i.
etc., in providing code for the target CPU'*,
CompUu mi. FLEX only - $150.00
CRASMB from LLOYD I/O -- Support! Motorola 1 !, Intel'!,
Zilog'i. and oihcr'i CPU lynux for tbcic 8-Bit
microprocenora: 6800, 6801. 6303. 6804. 6805. 6809.
6811 (all vaiietiei): 6502. 1802/5. 8048 firmly, 8051
family. 8080/85. Z8, Z80, and TMS-7000 family. Hal
MACROS. Local Labcli. Label X-RBF. Label Length to 30
Chin. Object code format*: Motorola S-Reoord* (text).
Intel HEX -Reward* (lext). OS9 (binary), and FLEX (biniiy).
Whiten in Aitembler -. e.g. Yf) PlBi
CPU TYPE - Price each:
For MOTOROLA INTEL OTHER COMPLETE SET
FLEX9 $150 $150 S150 $399
OS9/6809 $150 S1S0 $150 $399
OS9/68K j 4 32
CRASMB 1632 from LLOYD I/O - Support* Motorola!
68000. and hai lame fcaiurei ai the 8 bit version. OS9ro8K
Object code Format allowi thii crou aitembler to be used in
developing your program i for OS9ro8K on your OS9A5809
computer.
FLEX. CCF, OS-916809 $24900
UTILITIES
B*slc09 XRef from S.B. Media - Thii Baiic09 Cron
Reference Utility it a Baiic09 Program which will produce a
"pretty printed" lining with each line numbered, followed
by a complete cron referenced lining of all variablei,
external procedure!, and line number! called. Alio include! a
Program Liu Utility which output! a fan "pretty printed"
lilting with line number*. Require* Batic09 or RunB.
A CCO obj. only - $39.95; wl Sourct - $79.95
BTree Rood at* - Complete let of routine! to allow aimple
implemenUMiion of keyed file* - for yow programr ■ running
under Baiic09. A real lime tavcr and ihould be a pan of
eveiy terioui programmer! tool-box.
<* CCO obj. only - $89.95
Lucldala PASCAL UTILITIES (Require! LUCIDATA Paical
ver3)
XREF — produce a Cross Reference Lilting of any lext; oriented
to Paical Source.
INCLUDE - Include other Filei in a Source Tut, including
Biniry - unlimited netting.
PROFILER - provide* an Indented, Numbered. "Straaogram" of
a Paical Source Text File; view the overall stradure of laige
program!, program integrity, etc. Supplied in Paical Source
Code: require! compilation.
F, CCF ~ EACM 5" • $4000. 8' - S50O0
DUB from S.B Media - A UnlFLEX BASIC decompiler
Re-Create a Source Lilting from UniFLEX Compiled baiic
Programi. Workt w/ ALL Veniooi of 6809 UniFLEX belie
U . $219.95
32
March's?
68' Micro Journal
LOW COST PROGRAM KITS from Southeast
Media -- The following km are available for FLEX on either
5 or 8 inch disk.
1.
BASIC TOOL-CH86T $29.95
BUSTEX.CMD: proiy primer
LTNEXREF.BAS: loc cross referencn
REMPAC.BAS, SPCPAC.BAS. COMPAC.BAS:
remove azpcrfluout code
STRIP. BAS: superfluous line-oumhm stripper
FLEX UTILITIES KIT J39.95
CATS.CMD: alofts&sHicall y toned directory lining
CATD.CMD: date-soned directory lining
COPYSORT.CMD: tile copy. alphabetically
COPYDATE.CMD-. file copy, by dale-order
FILEDATE.CMD: change file creation d>ie
INFO.CMD (A INFOGMX.CMD): teUi duk attributes A
conienu
REUNK.CMD (A RELINK*?): re-ordVn fragmented free
chain
RESQ.CMD: undelecei (recovers) a deleaed file
SECIORS.CMD: ihow tenor otder in free chain
XI.CMD: auper tut liner
ASSEMBLERS/DISASSEMBLERS UTILITIES
$39. 9S
UNBFEED.CMD-. modular te' disetierabler output
MAYII.CMD: decimal, hex. binaty, octal convenioni
A tables
SKIP.CMD: column stripper
WORD - PROCESSOR SUPPORT UTILITIES
$49.95
PULLS10P.CMD-. check i fat capaalixali on where icq-
ubed
BSTVCIT.BAS (BAC): Stylo to dot-matrix printer pro-
NECPRXKT.CMD-. Stylo to dot-matrix printer filter code
5. UTILITIES FOR INDEXING (49.95
MENU. BAS: aeWu required program from lin below
BVDEX.B AC wad index
PHRASBS.BAC: pome index
CONTENT. BAC: table of contend
INDXSORT.BAC: fan ajpfcihciic ton routine
FORMATER.BAC: produce* a 2-oahann fonvaruvf index
APPEND. BAC: append any number of lilei
CIIAR.BIN: line reader
FULL SCREEN FORMS DISPLAY from Computer Syflemi
Consultants - TSC Extended BASIC program supports any
Serial Terminal with Curior Control or Memory-Mapped
Video Diiplayi: substantially extendi the cipabilitiei of the
Program Dcjigner by providing a table-driven method of
deicribing and using Full Screen Displays.
F and CCF. V - S2SD0, wl Sourct - SiOM
SOLVE from S.B. Media - OS-9 Uveb I and II only. A
Symbolic ObjectfLogic Veiificstion A Examine debugger.
Including inline debugging, disassemble and assemble.
SOLVE IS THE MOST COMPLETE DEBUGGER we have seen
for the 6809 OS-9 sere. I SOLVE does it alii With a rch
selection of monitor, assembler, disassembler,
environmental, execution and other miscellaneous
commands. SOLVE is toe MOST POWERFUL tcol kit item
you cm own! Yet, SOLVE it simple to usel With complete
documentation, a snapl Everyone who hat ordered this
package hat raved I Sec review - 68 Micro Journal -
December 198S. No 'blind' debugging here, full screen
displays, rich and complete in information presented. Since
review in 68 Micro Journal, this it our fasten mover!
U*tU I A II only . OS 9 Rtftar J/49.95
SPECIAL INTRO OOCTION OFFER U9.9S
X Telex 5 106006630
(615)842-4600 A
% lilfttt*
5900 Cattandia Smith Ra
M,«aon. TN 37343
tar Mlormsflan
CIS <«<t) t4l-4t0<
CoCo 0*-V Hit'
SOFTUARE
DISK UTILITIES
OS-9 VDItk from S.E. Media - For Level 1 only. Use the
Extended Memoiy capability of your SWTPC or Gimix CPU
card (or similar format DAT) for FAST Program Compiles,
CMD execution, high speed interprocess communications
(without pipe buffers), etc. - SAVE that System Memoiy
Virtual Disk site is var able in 4K incrrdments up to 960K
Some Assembly Required.
Uitl I 0S-9 obj. 170.95. w/ Sourct J/49 95
O-F from S.B. Media -- Written in BASIC09 (with Source),
includes: REFORMAT, a BASIC09 Program that reformau a
chosen amount of an OS-9 ditk to FLEX Formal to it can be
used normally by FLEX; and FLEX, a BASIC09 Piogram that
doea the actual read or write function to the special O-F
Transfer Disk; user-friendly menu driven. Read the FLEX
Directory, Delete FLEX Filet. Copy both directions, etc
FLEX users use the special disk jutt like any other FLEX
disk
O ■ 6909/68000 179 95
LSORT from S.B. Media - A SORT/MERGE package for OS 9
(l.evel It II only). Sons records with fixed lengths or
variable lengths. Allows for either attending or dexcculmg
sort. Sotting can be done in either ASCII sequence or
alternate caUaling sequence- Right, left or no justification
of data fields available. LSORT includes a full set of
comments and erf on messages.
OJ-9 SBS.00
1IIER from S.E. Media - HIER il a modern nitrartnat tioragi
ryJttm for inert wuttr FLEX, It answers the needs of those
who have hard disk capabilities on their system!, or many
files on one disk - any size. Utlng HIER ■ regular
(any) FLEX dltk (8 - 5 - hard disk) can have sub
directories. By this method the problems of assigning
unique namet to filet it lest burdensome. Different files
with the exact tame ntme may be on the tame ditk, at long
at they are in different directories. For the Winchester user
this becomes a must. Sub-directories are the modem day
solution that all current large systems use. Each
directory iookt (o FLEX like ■ regular rile,
except they nave the extenalon '.DIR'. A full set
of directory handling programs are included, making the
operation of HIER simple and straightforward. A special
install package is included to install HIER to your particular
version of FLEX. Some assembly required. Install indicate!
each byte or reference change needed. Typically - 6 byte
changes in source (furnished) and one assembly of KIER it
all that is required. No prog ramming required I
FLEX ■ SK»DOS V9.95
/UUUb-Jry laoand*-
F. FLEX. CCF. Color Co<npt«w FLEX
O - OS »,CCO» Color CompUMW OS-9
U.JMgXX
CC0 - Cekx Corfipuw Oitk
CCT - Color Conipitei Tap*
' 06-8 « a Trademark ot Moswara and Motorola
"FLEXaaTradamarkol TtchnicalSysfsiTttCorju«arin>
Please Specify Your Operjting System & Disk Size !!!
V
«*"
iilT Miii.ft
■ Sm.th fld ' "• • •»■■
:; :r software
CmiirIXi Smith fld
Hi a ion
1 Shipping "
Add 2% USA
(min. $2 50)
Add 5% Surface Foreign
10% Air Foreign
'66' Micro Journal
March's?
33
(615)
Tele* 5 r 06006630
842-4600 M
fcti SrUf
%* i&ftltft
5S00 Cettardra Smith Rd
Hmon, TM 37343
tOf *fltO#m»|to*»
Cat tail) ■4I-4401
CoCo 0»-»" * ».««••
SflFTUJflRE
COPYMULT from S.E. Media ~ Copy LARGB Disk* to several
miiller diikt. FLEX utililiei tlicm the backup of ANY lize
diik to any SMALLER aize diikeucs {Hard Diik to Arjppiet,
8" to 5", etc) by timply inserting diikeuei ai requested by
COPYMULT. No fooling with direcloiy deletion!, etc.
COPYMULT.CMD undentanda normal "copy" lyntax and
keep! up with file! copied by maintaining director iei for
both hoii and reaeiving diik tyiiem. Alto include!
BACKUP.CMD to download any lize "random" type Tile;
RESTORE.CMD lo reiiniclure copied 'random' filef for
copying, or recopying back lo the hoit lystem: and
FREEUNK.CMD ai a "bpnui" utility that "relink*" the free
chain of floppy or hard diik, eliminating fragmentation.
Completely documented Assembly Language Source files mcludmd-
ALL 4 Pro froms (FLEX, S m or 5 m ) $99 JO
COPYCAT from Lucidata - Pascal NOT rtquinJ. Allows reading
TSC Mini-F1.EX. SSB OOS68. and Digital Research CP/M
Oiiki while opoaling under FLEX l.O, FLEX 2.O. or FLEX
SO with 6800 or 6809 Syiiemi. COPYCAT will not
perform miracles , but, between the program and the manual,
you Hand a good chance of a man pushing a transfer. Alio
include! tome Utililiei to help oca. Program! inppljed in
Modular Source Code (Assembly Language) to help solve
unusual problem!.
Food CCF 5 m ■ $50 M F S" - USM
VIRTUAL TERMINAL from SB. Media ■ Ailowi one
terminal to do the work of icveral. The uter may itart ai
many at eight talk on one terminal, under VIRTUAL
TERMINAL and iwitch back and forth between talk at will.
No need lo exit each one; jutt jump back and foith.
Complete with confirmation program. The betl way to keep
up with thote background program!.
O A CCO - obj. only ■ $49.95
FLEX DISK UTILITIES from Computer Syiiemi Consultants -
- Eight (8) different Alterably Language (w/ Source Code)
FLEX Utililiei for evciy FLEX Utcra Toolbox: Copy a File
with CRC Erron; Teal Diik for errors; Compare two Diikt; a
fan Diik Backup Program; Edit Diik Secton: Linearise Free-
Chain on the Diik; print Diik Identification; and Sott and
Replace the Diik Directory (in totted order). - PLUS --
Ten XBASIC Pro, rami including: A BASIC Resequence* with
EXTRAt over "RENUM" like check for mining label
definition!, processes Diik to Diik initead of in Memoiy,
etc. Other prograrat Compare, Merge, or Generate Updates
between two BASIC Program!, check BASIC Sequence
Numbers, compare two onaaquenccd filet, and 5 Programs for
etlebliihing a Matter Direcloiy of tevcral Diikt, and
toning, selecting, updating, and printing paginal**! litlingi
of these rdtl. A BASIC Croat -Reference Program, written in
Assembly Language, which provide! an X-Ref Lining of the
Variablet and Reserved Wotdt in TSC BASIC. XBASIC. and
PRECOMPILER BASIC Program*.
ALL Utilities include Source* (either BASIC or A±. Source
Code).
FamtCCF - SSOM
BASIC Utilities ONLY for UniFLEX - $3000
GAMES
RAPIER - 6809 Cheat Program from S.E. Media - Require!
FLEX and Display! on Any Type Terminal. Features: Pour
leveli of play. Swap tide- Point tcoring system. Two
diaplay board i. Change tkill level. Solve Checkmate
problem! in 1-2-3-4 movei. Make move and swap tidet.
Play while or Mack. This la one of the strongest
CHESS program mining on an J microcomputer,
estimated USCF Ruling 1600* (btlltr than most 'club'
players at higher UvtU)
Fond CCF - J79 9J
COMMUNICATIONS
CMODEM Telecommunication! Program from Computer
Syiterai Consultant!, Inc. - Menu-Driven; tupporu Dumb-
Terminal Mode, Upload and Download in non-protocol
nude, and the CP/M "Modem 7" Chrittenaen protocol mode
to enable aommunication capabilities for almost any
requirement Written in "C*.
FLEX, CCF, OS -9. UniFLEX . 68000 & 6809 m
(A Source i 100 00 ■ without Source SSOM
X-TAI.K from S.E. Media - X-TALK consists of two diiki and a
■pecial cable, the hookup enables a 6809 SWTPC computet
to dump UniFLEX filet directly to the UniFLEX MUSTANG-
020. This ii the ONLY currently available method to
iranifer SWTPC 6809 UniFLEX filet to a 68000 UniFLEX
system. Gimix 6809 uien may dump a 6809 UniFLEX file
to a 6809 UniFLEX five inch diik and it it icadable hy the
MUSTANG. 020. The cable it specially prepared with
internal connection i to miitch the oon-nandatd SWTPC SO/9
I/O Db23 connector!. A special SWTPC St cable tel it alto
available. Uteri thould tpacify which SWTPC tyiiem
he/the wishei to communicate with the MUSTANG-020.
The X-TALK software it furnished on two disks. One eight
inch diik contain! S.E. Media modem program C-MODEM
(6809) and the other disk it a MUSTANG-020 five inch diik
with C-MODEM (68020). Text and binary flies may be
directly transferred between the two tyttemi. Ihc C-
MODEM programi are unaltered and perform at excellent
modem programi alto. X-TALK can be purchased with or
without the special cables, but ibit special price is available
to registered MUSTANG 020 uteri only.
X-TALK Complete (table. 2 disks) 199.95
X-TALK Software (2 disks only) $69.95
X-TALK will) CMODEM Source $14995
XDATA from S.B. Media - A COMMUNICATION Package for the
UniFLEX Operating System. Ute witb CP/M. Mam Framei,
other UniFLEX System!, etc. Verifies Transmission using
checksum or CRC: Re-Transmiti bad Model, etc.
U . $299.99
EDITORS & WORD PROCESSING
JUST from S.E. Media •■ Text Formatter developed by Ron
Anderton; for Dot Matrix Prinlen, provide! many unique
featurei. Output "Formatted" Text to Ihc Display. Use the
FPRINT.CMD lupplied for producing multiple copier of the
"Formatted" Text on the Printer INCLUDING IMBEDDED
PRINTER COMMANDS (very useful at other timet alio, and
worth the price of the program by itielf). "Uier
Configurable" for adapting to other Printer* (comes tel up
for Epton MX-80 with Graftrax); up to ten (10) imbedded
"Primer Control Commendi". Compensate! for a "Double
Widlb" printed line. Include! the normal line width, margin,
indent, paragraph, (pace, vertical ikip lioet, page length,
page numbering, centering, fill, justification, etc. Ute with
PAT or any other editor.
* Now supplied at a two disk set:
Disk II: JUST2.CMD object fits. JVST2 TXT PL9 source FLEX -
0C
Disk #2; JUSTSC object and source in C. FLEX - OS9 - CC
The JTSC and regular JUST C source are two separate programi.
JTSC compile! to a veriion that expect! TSC Word
Pronator type commands, (.pp .tp ,ce etc) Great for your
older teat filet. The C swrtz compile! lo a standard syntax
JUST.CMD object file. Uting JUST syntax (4) ,u ,y etc.)
With all JUST function 1 plui icveral additional printer
forrnaoing function!. Reference the JUSTSC C source. For
thote wanting an excellent BUDGET PRICED word
processor, with feature! maw of the others have. This ia it)
Disk (1) - PL9 FLEX out, . F A CCF ■ $49.95
Disk Set (2) - F A CCF A OS9 (C version) - $69 95
OS-9 6SK000 complete with Source ■ $79S5
34
March '87
66" Micro Journal
PAT from S.B. Media - A full future screen onenird TEXT
EDITOR with til the best of "PIE™-. For time who twore
by ind loved only PIB, this is for youl All PIE features and
much morel Too many features lo list- And if yoo don't like
■hcie. change or add your own. PL-9 source furnished. "C
source available iono. Eaiily configuied lo your CRT. with
special config section.
Rtfdar FLEX X129.S0
• SPECIAL INTRODUCTION OFFER * 579.95
SPECIAL PATIJUST COMBO (wtaxecej
FLEX $9995
OS-9 68K Vtrjion 1229.00
SPECIAL PATIJUST COMBO 6SK S249M
Note: JUST in "C" sourtt availablt for OS-9
CEDRIC from S.E. Media ■ A screen oriented TEXT EDITOR
with availability of 'MENU' aid. Macro definitions,
configurable 'permanent definable MACROS' - all standard
features and the fastest 'global' functions in the west. A
simple, automatic terminal config piogram makes this a real
'no hassel* product. Only 6K in size, leaving the average
system over 169 sectors for test buffer - eppx. 14X00 plus
of free memory I Extra fine for programming as well as text.
Rigutar $ 1 29.95
SPECIAL INTRODUCTION OFFER FLEX $69.95
BAS-ED1T horn S.B. Media ■ A TSC BASIC Or XBASIC screen
editor. Appended lo BASIC or XBASIC, BAS-EDIT is
transparent to normal BASIC/XBASIC operation. Allows
editing while in BASIC/XBASIC. Supports the following
functions: OVERLAY. INSERT and DUP LINE. Make
editing BASIC/XBASIC programs SIMPLE! A GREAT time
and effort saver. Programmers love ill NO mare retyping
entires lines, etc. Complete with over 25 different CRT
terminal configuration overlays.
FLEX. CCF. STARDOS Rtgular 169 95
Limiltd Special Offtr 139.91
SCRED1TOR 111 from Windrusb Micro Systems - Powerful
Screen -Oriented EdilorfWoni Processor. Almost 50 different
commands; over 300 pages of Documentation wilh Tutorial.
Features Multi-Column display and editing, "decimal align"
columns (AND add them up automatically), multiple
keystroke macros, even/odd page headers and footers,
imbedded primer control codes, all justifications, "help"
support, store common command series on disk, etc. Use
supplied "set-ups", or remap the keyboard to your needs.
Except for proportional printing, this package will DO IT
ALU
6900 or 6909 FLEX or SSB DOS. OS-9 - SI75.0O
SPELLB "Computer Dictionary" flora S.E. Media - OVER
150,000 words! book up a word from within your Editor
or Word Proctuor (with tht SPHCMD Utility which
operant in tht FLEX UCS1. Or check and update the Text
after entry; ADD WORDS to the Dictionary, "Flag*
questionable words in the Test, "View a woid in context*
before changing or ignoring, etc. SPELLB first checks a
"Common Word Dictionary", then the normal Dictionary,
then a "Personal Word List", and finally, any "Special Word
Lin" you may have specilied. SPELLB also allows the use
of Small Disk Storage systems.
F and CCF- 1129 95
STYLO-GRAPH from Great Plains Computer Co. - A full-
screen oriented WORD PROCBSSOR - (uses the SI x 24
Display Screens on CoCo FLEX/STAR-DOS, or PBJ
Wordpak). Full screen display and editing; supports the
Daisy Wheel proportional printers.
NEW PRICES 6809 CCF and CCO - 199.95.
F or - $179.95. U ■ 1299.95
STYLO- SPELL from Great Plains Computer Co. - Fast
Computer Dictionary. Complements Stylograph.
W£W PRICES 6909 CCF and CCO ■ $69.95.
ForO - S99 95. U - $149.95
(615)
T«i». sioeooeeao
842-4600 M
V MfttiA
S900 Cassandra Smith Rd
Mnaon, TN 37343
lor Mifprmition
CSS lilt) sji-rtoi
CoCo <>»-»•• nix - *
SOFTWARE
STYLO-MERGE from Great Plains Computer Co. - Meige
Mailing List to "Form* Letters, Print multiple Files, etc.,
through Stylo.
NEW PRICES6S09 CCF and CCO - S59.95,
ForO- $79.95. U ■ SI29.95
STYLO. PAK — Graph ♦ Spell + Merge Package Deallll
ForO. 1329.95. U - $549.95
0. 68000 159500
MISCELLANEOUS
TABULA RASA SPREADSHEET from Computer Systems
Consultants - TABULA RASA is similar to DESKTOP/PLAN;
provides use of tabular computation schemes used for
analysis of business, sales, and economic conditions.
Menu-driven; extensive report-generation capabilities.
Requires TSCs Extended' BASIC.
F and CCF. U - J50.00. wl Sourct - 1100.00
DYNACALC -- Electronic Spread Sheet for the 6809 and
68000.
F. OS-9 and SPECIAL CCF - $200.00. U ■
$395 00
OS-9 68K ■ 1595.00
FILL SCREEN INVENTORY/MRP from Computer Systems
Consultants Use the Full Screen Inventory
System/Materials Requirement Plane ug for maintaining
inventories. Keeps item field file in alphabetical order for
easier inquiry, locate and/or prim records matching partial
or complete item, desciiption, vendor, or attributes; find
backorder or below stock levels. Prim-outs in item or
vendor order. MRP capability for the maintenance and
analysis of Hierarchical assemblies of items in the inventory
file. Require* TSC s Extended BASIC.
F and CCF. U - $50.00. w/ Sottrct - $100.00
FULL SCREEN MAILING LIST from Computer Systems
Consultants - The Full Screen Mailing List System provides
a means of maintaining simple mailing lists. Locale all
records matching on partial or complete name, city, stale,
zip, or attributes for Listings or Labels, etc. Requires TSCs
Extended BASIC.
F and CCF. U - $5000. wi Sottree - J70O.0O
DIET-TRAC Forecaster from S.E. Madia - An XBASIC program
that plans a diet in terms of either calories and percentage of
carbohydrates, proteins and fats (C P 0%) or grams of
Carbohydrate. Protein and Fat food exchanges of each of the
six basic food groups (vegetable, bread, meat, skim milk,
fruit and fal) for a specific individual. Sex, Age, Height,
Present Weight, Frame Size, Activity Level and Basal
Metabolic Rate for normal individual are taken into koihl
Ideal weight and sustaining calories for any weight of the
above individual are calculated. Provide* number of days and
daily calendar after weight goal and calorie plan is
draterrnincd.
F . $59.95. U - $99.95
AvalaBlWy LaoarMhu.
F-FLEX.CCf -Color Compute FUX
O -OS 9. CCO > Color Comculec OS-9
U.LMF1£K
CCO -CetoiCemcotarOrsk
CCT . Odor CanwuiM Taps
• OS-9 is a Tradamarkot sAcrowaraand Motorola
' FLEX a a Tredamsk or Tacfintcal Syslams CanaOtsnts
Please Specify Your Operating System & Disk Size !!!
IftiT
At f »••¥ niili
«*«. ^W.^i-.a..Mii S...HBII r - r •" • '•■■
' Shipping
Add2%USA
(min.$2 50J
Add 5% Surtace Foreign
10% Air Foreign
68" Micro Journal
Mardi'87
35
There are places where you can buy
pre-stripped and formed wires ideal for this type
of thing. Because you have only used 25 of the
contacts on each side you will have a small area
of contacts on the one end which you can use for
those unusual interface problems. The only
other thing I should mention is that some day you
will run into the problem where your break-out
box has a male and a female connector and your
two devices will be both male or female. To get
around this problem what you do is build
yourself a couple of "gender changers". Take one
male solder type DB-25 connector and one male
wire-wrap DB-25 connector, place the wire-wrap
pins in the solder type connector back to back and
solder the 25 connectors all around. This may be
used to change from female to male. You should
also get a female solder type connector and a female
wire-wrap and do the same thing. This will give
you the capability to interface to any type of
connector easily and the gender changers can be
used by themselves. After you have got the devices
talking to each other properly write down the
connections and make yourself a cable following
your diagram.
Amazing! A cable that works the first time. If
you do a lot of interfacing between devices I'm
sure you will find this to be very useful, I don't
know how I got along without it
May '68' MICRO JOURNAL publish for
eternity!
"Editor's syptt: "Witt 'Barry, tttmity is sorta along
time, hut I Won t complain. Jot now, howtvtr, I do
want to tftanliyou, and ail the others who cart enough
to short. Jrom thousands of other users -THX^g^t
And please, all of you, (yep that good stuff coming!
•mew
Bit-Bucket
By: All of us
"Contribute IXptfunt) ■ 'Ltpul "S^thing', DMW "86
Dear Mr. Williams:
Please find enclosed a file named INDEX86.TXT,
which is my most recent installment to my 68 Micro
Journal key word index. It may be appended to my
previous seven year index, for a full eight year index 10
68 Micro Journal. For the benefit of readers who may not
be familiar with this index, I have taken the liberty of
repealing the instructions:
This index is a standard Flex text file which has proved
vety useful to me. One of the main values of 68MJ is
the useful little tidbits that are often included in leuers,
asides, and the Bit Bucket. It's very difficult to track these
back down some months later. I've tried to develop a
comprehensive index including all bits of info I felt might
be useful later. It's invaluable for finding those patches to
contiibuted software that appear some months later.
The index is a key word index. Each line statts with
month, year and page number of an article or item, and
usually includes the author's name. I've also tried to
identify the item as article, leuer, program, utility, etc.
Then follows certain key words selected to characterize the
topic(s) covered. I've attempted to stay within the 128
character limitation of the Flex line buffer.
You may then use Leo Taylor's FIND.CMD to locate
a specific topic of interest. When FIND locates a match,
it prints the entire line including the date and page. This
makes the whole operation quite simple, and I didn't even
need to wiite any software! FIND.CMD syntax;
+++FIND,<STRING>,<FILENAME
prints all lines containing "string". Default extension
is .TXT. The only confusion seems to be with names
that are hyphenated or stashed. To simplify things, I have
gcnerall y just deleted these extra characters. Examples:
SS30 NOT SS-30, CPM NOT CP/M, OS9 NOT
OS-9, MPS2 NOT MP-S2, CFM3 NOT CFM/3, IO
NOT I/O. PL9 NOT PL/9
Thank you for the opportunity to once again show my
appreciation for your efforts and those of the contributors
to 68 Micro Journal.
Sincerely,
John Current
2675 Pebble Dawn
San Antonio, TX 78232
"Editor's flow John, I watt to thanks you for the supplement
to your c&tlUiit series of Indents of 6t Micro.
Tipt only an they what our nadirs, tsptcLuty new outs,
need but wt its* the fuck, out of them also. "HU gtt tails every
day from nadirs needing to ordtr a back, issue with some
particular article, your [nde*. is what we use. It is gnat folks,
Git yourself that contribute, which keeps us afloat. I naMy
appndau all you who kscp things going.
<DMW
36
Man**7
'68' Micro Journal
Index 68 Micro Journal - 1986
JWKPI AHOW30N REX USER NOTES 098 ON SWTVC TANDY 1SS0HD PTtt PAT R£X IN
ROM
JWMPI PUS C USER MOTES RANDOM FILES COPY FIE SUBSTITUTE VARIABLE LBT
FUES PARALLEL COLUMNS C U5TMQS
JAN M PI) OCaU OSS USER NOT ES ASSEMBL Y LANGUAGE STRING FUNCTIONS C
REFERENCE MANUAL ASSEMBLY USTMOB
JAN M P1» VOOTS MSK OS* STRMOS ASCI OCCXMO ACCOUNT BALANCE PASCAL
LBriNQ
JAN M PI • ELBERT AOA (MOO ADVANCED TASKMO
JAN At PM LEWS REVEW SCULPTOR SAM BTREE DATA BASE MANMYMrNT SYSTEM
DBMS
JAN M P» HEMMOUEZ R£V€W EMERALD ESI I MOM SBC CPHMK
JAM M P7I LARAWRE ANOBJRCSEYE ARTtJi ADO HARD DWTO FIEX OR OMSK PTM
SSM HO XEBEC
JAN M P3S FRAWA AKT1CI£ RAOB SORT POfl MOW ASStlBl Y LANGUAGE
JAN M P44 JOHNSHOV AKTCLE RATBAS RATIOHALBID BASK PREPROCESSOR ISC
X8ASC XPC
iAN M P« BROMLEY SHRINK BASC PWOOAAMS COCO
JAN M P4» STARK LETTER U3TM3 STARDOS COMMANDS
ju« PuLVHOt urnrm osa ,xn»*c* ROuT*s
JAN H P« JONES LETTER TSC XBASC TOKENS HASH COOE ERROR MESAOES STOP AND
FES « Pi AMBERSC* FIEI USER NOIES PAT EOfTOH LOCAL VS GLOBAL YABUa.ES DSK
DAM ALBNMEMT TIME AMD DATE
FES M PI PASS C USER NOTES DATE PACKAGE SET FUNCTIONS PERMUTATION
GENERATOR HELP ORAM TEASER C USTINO
FEB M PI4 WWTS BASC OS* REAL TIME CLOCK FCTC TIME DATE ASSEMBLY USTWO
FEB M PIT DIBBLE OSS USER NOUS MCROWARE BCMWAR
FB N PltlUCWO NM USER NOTES OSBM DEBUOBER
FEBMPI1 FEFGU5C* ARTICLE KTERf ACE ^«3«STEfl HARD OS* TO S330 BUSS SSSO
WELLWWTEH
FEB M PM WUUAC MUSTANQOM UPDATE f 1 BBSO OATACOMP BFJCNMAMS
FEB M PJ7 BURG ARTCIE FUFJt KERMTT COMMVNCAT10N PRDTCCQ. K UTROt C
FIB M PS BVSSOC ARTK1E MOO SWTP OMAF 2 TO SUPPORT 5' SOeuTTC MO*
ASSEMBLY LBTINQ
FEB W PM WOtAL ARTICLE 1800 W THE LAB A TO D TO A SCHEMATIC MOO ASSEMBL Y
UBIlNO
FEB M PA) BAUTSR) FLEX PRMTER SPOOLER CONTROL MM ASSEMBLY LSTMQ
FEB H P« OREXUE R FLE X UTBJTV Ml MCMTABBR RESIDENT COMMANDS PAUSE FORM FEED
LAST MOO ASSEMBLY USTTNO
FEB M M FEOEAO LETTER PUBUC DOHAM FORTH *> FOR FLEX
FEB M P»7 FW ANNCMTia FOHVH At STANDARD
FEB It P<7 MdCWARE ANNOUNCES 080 NETNGF* FIE MANAGER
FEB « P«* BHOARO ARTICLE USM FORTH
FEB MPULAPJMDRE STARDOS UTtJTV HELP SYSTEM MO* ASSMBl Y LETWG
FEB MPW JONES LETTER TSC (BASC LSTM3 BAC FBJ3 CHAWMO
MAR MPT ANDERSON FLEX USER NOT ES FU COMPUR OPTHUATK1N «WTH ASSEMBLER
CODE MM ASSEMBLY USTINO
MAR M P* DWaii OSI USER NOTES SUN UOK WORK STA7CN WINDOWS
MAR M PIO PASS C USER NOTES TEXT EDITOR HELP EXTENSONC LBTINOS
HARM PI 4 ELBERT ADA AND M000 COUPAER COMPARISON
MAP, MP IUUOOO HOOO USER NOTES ASSEMBLY LAAOUAGE
MAR M Ptl VOW TS BASK OS* SPEAWM0 OH
HARM PI) MUSTAMOnalCJCMAUDBCLSTPKl
MAR M PO LEWS AND HARTJM ARTOi SCULPT OR OESDVTEM DBMS
MAR M PM 9URLMSDN REVKW COMPACT A UMBQARD MO* SBC AW* ASSEMBLY USTMO
MAR M P»S CURRENT 7 YEAR M ttCAO JOURNAL KPr WORD BOEX. 1 MS (OCX
UAR m P40 ADAMS LETTER SKEXB AND PLEX RANDOM (U. T1AWQ COMPARroM
MAR M PAO PRYTYBYL LETTER RX BUGS M UORI COCO BUSMESS SOFTWARE BASC
IBTINQ
MAR MP410PTRCMAL LETTER BWHH UO* ORAOOM SHOW COCO CD)MWJ5£lO£
MAR M P42 WILLIAMS MUSTANOHS SAQA PNOTOB
MAR M PA) ROttNDON ARTCU MYMElOl TERMTNAi COMnOUUTION VUE BUBS SHOO
MOTOROLA WVSE M XON XOfF SOCMtTK
MAR M PAS BCOn FLEX UTVTT OCAT IA UST ALL RIES CAT SORTED BY DATE PO)
18TNQ
MAR M PAT ANDERSON FLEX UTtUTV EZTENBSLE TABU OFtVEN LANSUAOE RECOaMTTD*
PU LSTMQ
MAR MPMOttiETTE FLEX UTBJTT B1ETE ENHANCED MOO
YUBTMO
APR M P» WCERSOM FIEI USER NOTES PAT TEXT HIT OR PL* ANSI T*T4M*|AL COMPUR
FEATURES
APR M PIO VOOTS BASC 08* MEMORY UDOUE OHETORY ALPMABEnOR C LBTMS
APR M PIS PASS C USER NOTES WTMTJW8H HDCOBH COMPILER UPDATES TEXT EDITOR
TERUNFO UNIX TSC TO STYLO C LSTMO
APR M PIT DOME OS* USER NOT ESTOP MENU LIBRARY FUNCTORS USAUTCMED
CHARACTER ALGORITHM C USTM
APR M P» LOE ARTCtE QPL OCNrfWq OESOBTnA)
APR M P22 MCCARnCY AND OflOEPUfl ARTCLE MOTOROLA MTBD SYSTEM SOCMATIC
APR M P!7 CHSKSTRAAB REVtW MCHOTTME ■ ClOCII CALiMMR SS30 MO* ASSFIM. Y
i bung
APR M PS* SB ARTICLE MOTOROLA MCBBC1 1 RESET EWBZTTOMS SDCMATC
APR M W1 GFKBS ARTICLE FAST FOXBBER TBAABKFM ITT PASCAL iOTMO
APR M P4« LARB«R£ LETTEB FIX BUG OREXLEfffl MEMCMDBCR M FEB LC MM ASSEMBLY
UBTINQ
APR M P4? FBMEH LETTER TANDY MCIO USER OROWB
APR M PAT DCCOE LETTER C STACK CMEOMQ
»rn w riarr»firnrnrTi«-TBii<fcrTpri A«««i»i-fMiNT no compair
APR M PSO MCAOPnzBBSIB OEVEUFME*TB LHBPTED TRANSFEISBM SCULPTOR
DATA PUTS BETWEEN 0N7ERENT SYSTEMS
MAY M PA MBER3M TUILaERN0TaO0AM)«FL£XRDLni«3F1.TERSSTYTDPAT
COUNT BYTES MUSTANGOB PU AND MM ASSEMBLY USTMOB
MAY M PIJ VOOTS BASC OS* MCROWARE C COMPIER C VARUOES MATKX.C USTM3
MAY M PI t OCSaBPTOt OB* NTEWDM OBMKT
MAY M PI 7 PASS C USER NOTES CUBBBS TEFBBNM OEMD POMTERS C USTMQ
HAY M Pa OnSLE OS* USER NOTES WTERACTTVE COMPACT OBKS COI TKY
TRANSLATOR TWY SEARCH MM ASBEMBIV LSTMO
WYMPaYYILUAMS MUSTANOOM UPDATE UNFUJ
MAY M PJ» BAUTSK) MEMORY TJBT UTVT13 PC ROTABTT BUMBTEST COMDATA MM
ABBEHBLYlBnTNQ
MAY M PM HOOLUNO ARTCLE ACCtSSMQ FLEX DfCCTORY PROM BASC TSC XPC
LBTINQ
MAY M PSS ANDERSON REVSW OMEGASOFT PASCAL FOR 09* MUST AMOas H02S
OQMPlfR
MAY M PIT OESCHFTTON SOUTICAST MEDIA LOW COST PROGRAM TOTS BUSTER REMPAC
SPCPAC COMPAC STTBP UMUTBIF UTS CATO
MAY M PM Y*ELL£H FZVIBW OPL COMBER k PROOUCT OF COMPVER PROQJCn
UNUNTFED
MAY M FM1 STLCKLEN PROGRAM KEYPAD SCAN ROUTME P1A MBD MOO ASSfMBL Y UBTINQ
MAY M P« 8AACS0N FLEX UTILITY EXECUTE COMMANDS FROM TEXT FIE PL* LSTINO
MAY M PA) JONS* LETTER TSC (BASC DEOMAL HEX CONVERSION LOOK CUNCTWO
MAY M P<4 MILS LETTER KEAMJT FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL
MAY M PtS OODOE LETTER BOOS FHES MARCH PI MARCH LOT P22 PL* AOTEST
MCRDWAREC
MAY M PA7 SWTPC M DEALER FEBT tMIO VME BMO SCULPTOR CAD
MAY M PA9 MOTOROLA AMMTlBnMTATSMOW *BTT CBryTMJA TTONS
MAY M PM MUST AN003) BENDNMJW
MAY M PSO MCROWABE MB Mlff M T BT8 COM 0M Ca MMVND>TI0W3 PACXAOE MODEM
'68' Micro Journal
March '67
37
JUN M P7 V0WT3 BASIC OS» EXECUTABLE MEMORY MODULE TEXT COMPRESSION PACK
teoi ASSEMBLY LBTMO
JUN M P>0 PASS C USA MOIES C COMPILER UPDATES CURSTM WE SCREEN EOII'OR RPN
CALCWATDR C LISTINGS
ain ee Pig revcw saws si » ram EXPM60*
jun m pit ami ose user notes standards terminals
jun h Pie f%eoja9BB article oka buss gespac figures
AMHMPa A>«aBAHTElEMOTOR0iAMCl«aiBE3eBtTCPU9CM£lMTK;
JUN M P» SVATEK AND PEWUH3 MOTOflOCA RASTER MEMORY SYSTEM RMS WOEO
GRAPHICS UCtaiM MT2MA7 SCME MATES
jun m pw article oft com pier p»o»cts unumtted
JUN M NO MOORFOOT ARTCLE UOOEHM UPOATE
JUN W PS WEI LER REVKW PASC CDWViR
JUN M P*» BUNCOS FLEX UTVTY RPTKB PWOWTTMM ASSEMBLY LBTMO
jun m p« wuiAHB article prteose
JUN a P«S BERGVALL ARTICLE BOOLEAN EPROU PROGRAMMER PU BOOLROM BASCOt
USrWO SCHEMATA
JUN H P47 TAYLOR LETTER PUBLIC OOWAIN UT&JTCS GIVEAWAY UPDATES
JUN M P47 AHNOUNCEJENT PERIPHERAL TECHNOLOGY COCO OS» DRIVERS PTM
JUN M P4» WILLS I ETrER DISK SECTOR IXTEflLEAVE 8ASC I STINO
JUN BB P*» ADAMS LETTER WESTCHESTBR X0U5 DBMS MFfEREXCES BETWEEN LEVELS
JUN H P4» aNNOUNCEICNT MKRO COMCEJT8 MKR080X U 66000 MOTOROU MR
GRAPHICS
JUN M P5I FIGURE RELATIVE PBVORWUCf MOTOROU eKBMOAl COMBINATION
JUN MPS) JONES LETTS) TSC HBASK INriX) HINCDON
JUL M P7 ANDERSON FLEX USER NOTES MUSTANGS OSAUK FCB FCC RUB EOU DVORAK
KEYBOARD C ISTWG
JUL M PIO V0IST5 BASIC 06» 0A1E TME SORT C AND eaoe ASSEMBLY LHTTHGS
JUL N Ptt PASS C USER NOTES COMPILER BUGS Ct» CORSES FUNCTIONS TEST SIGN
EXTENSION CLSTMO
jul m pi» GERwrrz article xous oeus example expense budget lbtinq
JUL M PM WILLIAMS AKTKLE SPRING COMDEX OS* ATARI VOUSWRntR KRS COLOR
CATCHER
JUL 66 PJS DIBBLE 0S8 USER N0rES««K HACK LM KERTIMWG SYSTEM CALLS OVNACAJC
SPREADSHEET REVEW
JUL M PS ARTICLE OPl COMPILER TEXT FORMATTER USTUG
JUL M PM WILLIAMS MUSTANOBO UPDATE BURN N It MH7
JUL M PJ« ZYCHUNSKI LETTER PU AND FFT AMM1 1 PL* AND ASEMBLY USTWG
OEHPUJAS IBTINO
JUL M P44 MOTOROLA ANNOUNCEMENT UCMHCII A> BUFFALO MONITOR EVALUATON
BOARD
JUL 86 P45 MUSTANGS*) ANNOUNCEMENT MOTORCH A CHANNEL MOOUES
JUL ee Pit MCROWARE ANNOUNCE UE NT CO ROM STANDARD CW OSaUK
JUL ee P47 JONES LETTER TSC XBASK "R COMMAND REPEAT FLEX COMMANO
AJL ee P41 SE MEDIA !K>0 ON BAS.EDTT TSC BASK
jul ee we compiler products unuutteo announcement adventure game
GENERATOR
JUL eeP« VAN QELDER LETTER BUS FIX FOR GROSS FFT IN APRIL
JUL Be P50 PETERSON LETTER BUG FIX FLEX PRINTER VOMER INTERRUPTS STROBE 6909
ASSEMBLY LBTINQ
JUL «« PW HOLZHAKEH IETTER BUG FIX COMPACTA UweOAftfi »a0» SBC
AUG ee P7 ANDERSON USER NOTES FFT BUG UHRICH ALGORITHM PASCAL AND PLO
LBTINQ
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SEP M PM INFORMATION UAOAGFMENT SYSTEM MANUAL IMS DBMS
SEP M P40 MOTOROLA DATA MCtBIBO RELATIVE POWER
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SEP M P45 JONFS LETTER TSC XBASK INPUT INCH!
SEP e> P47 SCHAEFEfl LETTER REL0CATA81E OBCCT CODE
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NOV ae PAS OOOQE LETTER OSAMK C COMPILER BUGS
NOV M P47 MOTOROU ANNOUNCEMENT HCettOO W BIT CPU
NOV ae P« MOTOROU ANNOUNCEMENT MC«ug; ENHANCED EFPCP
dec ee pa AxCBsoN user notes pc hj. cam eaoe assembly lbtinq
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38
March '87
'68* Micro Journal
ok » pit vogts msjc cob reosthb k&asc ko tssusllr
ok m pit fwcu90* article cavptocuote oak isasc aba9c 68m assembly
ustmh
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DEC Bt m OHEf H ARTICLE ADO (YWOffSTEA HARD U3X MD TO 8WTP 8S80 SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS
DEC St P*l REVEW TOPS STC PiMT SHOP FOR MAC t€> BACKUP HE» LOCATOR P
SOP WARE
DECMPtfWUJAMBARTClilCaSCII EASY TO USE FORTH UW WX»T0R
DEC N P« aCHREU. LETTER OHM* COkfVKME
DEC at P4I LLOYD O 4SBDUSEES VANTAGE EDfTOR/CROB i««imim>i
oebuqckr fob • an on osmc
1 DEC M P« JOKES LETTER IX UASC LOOK OPERATORS AND OR NOT
DEC * P» UCAMUS MMUBACAT OSS LEWI I FOR COCO ■
DEC at PS1 MOTOROLA ANNOUNCES REAL TME OPf RATING SYSTEM FOR MCal
EOF
GESPAC EXPANDS
TO NEW FACILITY
Mesa, AZ. - Due to the impressive success of its operation,
GESPAC moves 10 larger premises. The company now
occupies a new building wilh 8.000 square feet of office and
warehouse space.
A 300% growth in sales in 1986, and an account
base of 200 North American Companies required the
company to double its staff of sales and engineering support.
Furthermore, the company plans to begin production of
boards in the U.S. in (he second quarter of 1987. The
additional space will provide GESPAC with the room
necessaty to carry out its operations.
The new address is:
GESPAC Inc.
SO W. Hoover Ave.
Mesa. AZ. 8S202
GESPAC INCREASES U.S. G-M PRODUCT
OFFERING BY 27 BOARDS
BUSCON. LOS ANGELES. CA. -GESPAC INC. announces
that it will be distributing the G-64 product line of MPL AG
in the U.S. and Canada. MPL is a European company located
in Zurich Swiierland.
MPL has been in the G-64 bus business for six years,
and has been designing boards that are complemenlaty to
GESPAC'S ptoduct line. The MPL catalog includes 27 truly
different and complementary boards.
The MPL product line includes several relay boards,
isolated analog converters, isolated serial communication
cards and other industrial application related products. MPL
also has a few CMOS CPU boards based on the 6809 and the
68000.
Under the terms of the agreement GESPAC Inc. will
insure the promotion, stocking, technical support and
maintenance of the MPL boards in the United Slates and
Canada.
With these 27 new MPL boards, and its own product
line of close to 100 function, GESPAC now offers lo the
American G-64 customer, the largest and most diversified
family of board level products from a single vendor.
A IS page catalog of MPL products is available, free
of charge, Irom GESPAC.
GESPAC OPENS A REGIONAL SALES
OFFICE IN SILICON VALLEY
GESPAC opens a regional sales office in Santa Clara, CA.
This office, located in the heart of Silicon Valley, is headed
by Mr. Richard Soundy.
Mr. Soundy was a long lime salesman of board level
products in the area, and manager of his own rep. company.
before he joined GESPAC in this assignment.
The office is located at:
1333 Lawerence Expressway -ISO
Santa Clara. CA. 95051
(408) 241-2876
GESPAC opened (his office in order lo better support
its important customer base of Northern and Southern
California. It also intends (o further develop this important
market, which accounts for one (hud of (he national market
for the board level products.
GESPAC GOES PUBLIC ON THE SWISS
OVER-THE-COUNTERO MARKET
On September the IS. 1986, GESPAC made a successful
initial public offering of ita sharea on the Swiss
over-the-counter market.
The company sold 1800 invealmenl units, each
composed of a company share and nine bearer participatory
certificates. The proceeds of this sale raised 3.4 millions
Swiss Francs ( 3.2 Million Dollars ) of capital. Until this
stock offering, the company was privately held by its
founders.
The company agreed lo the public ofTering in order to
finance its multinational development, including new
factories in France and the U, S The capital raised is alto
anticipated lo fund important research and development
projects necessary lo maintain strong technological
leadership. The company has also invested heavily in
state-of-the-art engineering work stations and advanced
production equipment for surface mounted technology.
GESPAC was established in 1979 and has focused all
of its activities on the design, manufacture and sale of board
level products for the industrial OEM. Gespac's boards
comply wilh the standard G-64 bus, which the company
denned, and licensed in 1981 to Thomson CSF.
GESPAC and the G-64 bus have grown lo a
prominent position in the European market The company is
also enjoying signifigant growth in (he U.S. where it began
its operation in 1984. In 1986. U.S. sales grew 300%. and
the company is now serving over 200 accounts.
Reflecting the outstanding reputation of GESPAC in
the European electronics industry, the offeiing was one of
the most successful on record in the Swiss securities market.
Tha company's share value doubled in the first (wo weeks of
trading. As of Januaiy IS, 1987, (he shares were traded at
(hree times their original value.
For more information contact:
Conns Pabouctsidis, President
GESPAC. Inc.
SO West Hoover Ave.
Mesa. Az. 8S202
(602) 962-5559
68' Micro Journal
March's?
Continued From Last Month
HEIR UNIX Modifications
by Bradford Taylor
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40
MarQ*i*87
66' Micro Journal
I
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To Be Continued Next Month
'68' Micro Journal
Man* 17
Peter Bendall
Kallieeer Stieg 6
2358 Kaltenkirchen
Heat Germany
29 December 1966
HIGH SPEED CASSETTE k CASSETTE FILE MANAGER
(JPC Products Co)
Dear Don
Thanks vary muoh for your kind help when I
phoned today I would indeed be extremely
grateful if you would publish thia small
note.
I have the JPC Products "TC3" high speed
caaaette interface running on ALL of my SS50
machines, 6800 and 6609, aa well aa on a very
old 0600 machine that I take to school once a
year for Activity Meek. Theae run with the
Caaaette File Manager "CFM3" operating system
from the same company at 4600 baud.
He now have a lot to do with the DRAGON
computer, a Spanish made 6609E machine
original ly designed in Halea(l), that is very
similar to the "old faithful" Tandy COCO.
T read in n bank number aomewhere that JPC
once offered a version of the cassette
interface and software tailored to the COCO.
JPC Been to have disappeared and we would
like to get the ayatem running on the Dragon.
I would very much like to contact aomeone who
baa a working interface or a kit that we
could have, or maybe, if JPC are atill
aupported aomewhere, they might like to let
ua have a Mating of the aoftware and the
circuit of the hardware adaptor.
There ia no real problem in reading CFM3 data
filea on the DRAGON or the COCO aince it ia a
aimple timing loop reading a bit on a
parallel input port. although there ia
potentially a amall problem with the ayatem
timer. Apart from wanting to be compatible
with exiatlng users there is a aimple
facility within DRAGON BASIC (and I aaaume
COCO BASIC aa well) whereby two look up table
"Stuba". one for Commands and one for
Functiona, are available for the uaer to add
hia own commanda to BASIC.
If anyone can help I would be pleased to hear
from them. I am reachable by poat at the
above address and if anyone ia cloae enougb
to phone I am at home moat eveninga on
international number +49 (Germany) 4191 6536.
Alao if anyone haa accesa to the
international networks I am on BITNET aa
PETER* DHHEMBL5.
Thanks again for your kind help, I look
forward to hearing from aomeone out there,
perhaps there might be an article in it
aomewhen aoon !
Beat wiahea for 1967
Peter Bendall
DJ0JR, G3NBD
Syaop Dragon-Board
Jjf ^
JMICR&NICS
Microcomputers . Hardwa/c and So/taarr
GIMIX' Salo. Semn and Suppon
JlllJlYNN AVENUE,
ABBOTSFORD.
BRITISH COLLMBI A.
CANADA. VIS IEJ
Deer Don,
H'm! Seeas I cen't get awej from diecussiag IBASIC.
Mj reader-f rienda aure keep ■• eupplied with oev
points of interest, so 1 decided to replj vie 68KJ eo
tbet everyone could ebere io our discoveries.
The first point, which caae ell the way froa
Auatralia, ceotree on mj earlier atetemont tbet IBASIC
ceo eccoaaodete e aaaiaua of 255 characters per
etetaaent-line (not 127 ee eteted in TSC'a manual).
Tbia reader triad eeverel configurations of input-
linee, end fouud tbat (depending, on the nature of the
atetemente io tbe line) the aixiaua eccepteble to
IBASIC wee e variehle eaouot . I think tbe meet be
could (at wea a 149-cbarector line, which is e long,
long way froa tbe euppoeed 2551 Perbepe I ebould beve
•raphes isad tbet tbe ausxianmi ia 2SS, wbicb ia not to
eej tbet jou will alewrv, get up to 255 cherecters per
line.
To eleborete, IBASIC bee tan 255-cherec ter buffere -
one of wbicb eccepte cberectere ee they ere entered
froa tbe kajboerd (let's cell this one A), end tbe
eecood of wbicb ie ueed to tokeniee jour input-line
end peree it before etoriag it into jour main program
(let'e cell tbie one B). low, if jou'll ceet jour
aiod beck to aj verj firet erticle on tbie euhject,
jou'll recell aj eaaaple of e few primitive line-
entries nod tbe correeponding tokeuieed lines, and bow
eaesed we were et tbe disproportionate amount of code
tbet eeeaed to be geoereted. Herein liee tbe kej to
tbe '255' problem. If, due to tbe neture of tbe line
kejed into Buffer A, tbe tokeuieiog beppene to
geoerete laae coda io Buffer B then iu Buffer A, then
jou ceo fill up with 255 characters in Buffer A. On
tbe other bead, if Buffer A geoeretee am coda io
Buffer B, tbeu Buffer B deterainea tbe limit of 255 at
wbicb to cut off tokeuieiog. Bope tbie aakea it ell
cleer.
Tbe eecood poiut bee beeu reieed bj e few fer-flung
friends, wbicb indicstee tbet tbe euhject of reodoa
files givee rise to little difficultiee acta eud egeio.
Perbepe I ceo beet illustrate tbia bj reproducing tbe
eaaence of e little program wbicb eppeered io tbe Kaj
1982 ieeue of MKJ. Hera'a tbe prograa :
10 PUNT "FILE CREATION PROGRAM"
*0 DIM Q$(5)
50 OPEN NEW "CHECK FILE" AS 1
60 PIILD #1, 50 AS QS(1),50 AS Q$(2) 50 AS Q$(S)
70 FOR 1-1 TO 5
B0'QS(l)»" .... 50 SPACES "
90 BEIT 1
42
March tl7
'68' Micro Journal
100 DF-200
110 FO» 1-1 TO OP: PUT #1 . RECORD I: PRINT Ij !
ISO CLOSE 1: PRINT
180 FR1HT "DONE WITH PILE CREATION."
NEXT I
Although the above program may appear to be quite
straightforward, it oevertheleaa demonatra t ei in
incomplete grtap of random file* and bov to create
thru. So, at tbe risk of repeating atuff which moat
readers already know, I'll take it from the beginning,
tut first, try entering snd ROMning tbe program
yourself. Tou abould observe tbe progress diaplaying
tbe opening Message, then a 1, followed by a long
wait, then a rush of 5 more numbers, snother wait, 5
■ore numbers, and so on till it reaches a count of
200, at whicb time Line ISO's message will be
diaplayed. And then, if you examine tbe file oo disk
with D1SKE0IT. you'll find 200 recorda filled with
'00's. So whst's wrong then???
Let's repeat the above, replacing the SO SPACES of
Line 80 witb s message such SB "Hello World" sod psd
it out to s total of SO chsractera. Again we would
find a file of 200 recorda filled with '00's, even
though Line 110's job is to create 200 recorda, tuLek
of which shoals' conaiat of 5 «*jh» r m c mcaU eaamsosaal of
"Hello World". Why did this not occur? OK, random-
file tutorial coming up
We are OK in our program down to Line SO, where an
inatructioo to open a file named CHECKFI LE on Cbaonel
1 ia encountered. Aa a aide-note, tbe file will not
actmally be opened until an attempt ia made to GET or
POT a record to it. Line 60 ia alao OK, where we
define each record aa being composed of, or FIELDed
ss, S sub-records of SO characters eacb. But tben we
proceed, in Linea 70 - 90. to c-ammLataly caaasa)l our
line 60. You see, you csn only put dsta into, or
modify, the various PlELDa by meaoa of the LSET or
1SET statementa. By simply defining tbe 5 Q$s witb an
ordinary LET (or implied LET), any prior P1ELD
definition using the ssme variables is effectively
wiped out. Line 80 should therefore bsve resd :
80 LSET q$(l)-"mesi»ge"
without tbe need of any trailing SPACEs , as tbe FIELD
ststement would automatically pad out to tbe defined
length of SO.
Our program ia quite workable at thie stsge, but why
does the displayed count go in little spurts? The
explanation ia that when a random file is first
crested it allocates only oae record to the file.
Actually it reserves 3 sectors, but the first two are
used for 'housekeeping' purposes, Sector 3 being our
actual Record *1 . So, wbeo our Line 110 (110 - 140 in
the original program) PUTa tbe firat record to tbe
file, all available sectors have been uaed up, eo tbe
FHS aection of DOS takes time out to extend the file a
little before it can PUT a few more. Tbe original
program ia, of course, FUTting absolutely nothing into
each record - not even a aubrecord, due to tbe
cancellation of the PICLD atatemeot - wbich accouota
for tbe completely NUL file. All tbat tbe FDTa are
doing is to extend the file a bit at a time aa the
program loopa from 1 to DP .
A better approach would bave been to extend our file
out to 'DF' (that ia, 200) recorda before we begin
PDTting anything at all. To extend a random file, we
merely PUT to a ooo-exiateot record, and tbe file will
automatically be extended to that limit. Thus :
100 DF-200: POT rl , RECORD DF
It will take a little wbile to extend to 200 recorde,
but then you abould aee tbe numbera 1 to 200 juat
clicking up oo tbe acreeo with no pauaea between.
I'm beginning to get a little feed-back on my RRASIC,
with quite ueeful auggestiona oo featurea to add. I
ahall wail a wbile, tbeo pick tbe Boat uaeful for
incorporation. A limiting factor ia going to be tbat
I only have about 7 unuaed tokens left, one of which
I've already reserved for the •tataaaaaxt 'FLEX', rather
tbao tbe preaent commama of tbe same name. I'll go
into tbe rationale nf tbia in a later submission. So
now I'm down to 6 tokens only, and even tben I'd like
to reaerve maybe two for some future enhancements not
anticipated at tbis time. Some good news for 68000
ownera - aome of my frieoda bave convinced me that a
68K veraioo of RXASIC would be appreciated, ao tbia ia
now in tbe worka. Coing to be quite a job, but not an
impossible one (I hope). Thia 68000 code takes ■
little getting used tol
I'll keep in touch.
Don Williams,
68 Micro Journal.
S900 Caaaandra Smith Road,
Hixaon, TN 373*3
Sincerely,
(fitfi
R. Jooes
Freaideot
SM5NEWS
POJt [rWiUhTC UUAII
fOR audit imai ;-\f .irhati-m:
£49 ac 4. 5«ithno:
<**ichnar HeCowan foe.
<M7) 0TS-JB31
CHARLES RIV1R DATA *Y*T&t» CtDSAS
CavTXATT WITH RADIO -TV ttALAJD
rRAHtSCKAM. Ma»« . . Jan. 22 — Radio aWv Laaland, tti*. VWrnmrnnt
radio •■Janey, haa pl*c*d « tubliantlat ordar foe CTiariaa (L*ar Dae*
Ryataaj'a nm •SftOl'J-baaad Utj i va r *•"/ «0O aopa-r p.icr** 1 ""W utara .
Tha ordar mi placed through Nitaui Cooputar Syataaa, Led., tha
Charlai Klvar dimteiowtor la Haw laaland.
7> a aVaEaaa *Jtll b* 1 oca tad ia radio eta t lone thcouvbou t Haw
Zealand and Mill tract edvartlaino Um itch oration h»e available
tor ■ a la and g*r*rat« advatcialoo involcaa ttom m ctwitxal location -
In addition, tha tyiti«i will auppart each itatLort'e advertieina
■till. traffic, and accounting *ct>vltla«< md product tta d*tly
atatlon loq
Tha Unlvarea 400 la b*a«d on tha irwSuatry attndard VKAua. aAd
can uaa a ither a "to to role 64000 or *»OZO alcroproceaaor • It haa a
■•Mry capacity ?C *tp to Its bytea. and can aupport up to 4.20 byte a
or disk itortqt. It haa I) vnz tlota. tip to al4ttt of which in
Available Cor m?«riilon. A ;yplce. Univer ia/400 la priced under
$10,000.
Char la a River Oata Syeteaa «4i lOufidad ia 197) and Introduced^
tha Unlvicti aa). tha first 32-bit. MMpMtic aye tew 0aa»4 on a
■LcroPrOciiior, in Septeabar. 1*81. Tha coapemy nam otrere tha
VMrbue-baied Univaraa/200. Umvini 400 and Un 1 vane/ 600 computer
ayatana, and • VEXM&u e-baaed lastly *>f co«tput«ra. Rath co«p\>ter
tebllkoe ua« the> Motorola 6*020 aad 4BO00 alcroproceaaora. and run
under tha UMS" operating eyelet, which la derived under licenee
(re* ATAT UNIX* lye tee V.
'68' Micro Journal
March's?
43
r
TIME .CMD
Kenneth Drexler
Dear Mr. Williams:
ll has been several months since I have done my
share to keep '66 Micro Journal plump. I hope you can
stand another real-time-clock-for-FLEX article.
This attached article. "TIME CMD", describes both
the hardware and software needed to implement such a
clock on a FLEX computer. The hardware is simple and
inexpensive, approximately $10 at current prices. The
software is designed to install itself in FLEX and then
keep the date registers in FLEX up to date whether the
computer is on or off. The software can be run by a
STARTUP.TXT file and it will automatically start and
maintain FLEX's date registers. The article gives the
details. The article and software is all original and is my
property. It was suggested by the article entitled,
"Clock/Calendar for 6809", which appeared in the July
1981 Microcomputing magazine.
Now that there are several 680X0 machines which
run SK'DOS/68K and OS 9/68K, it would be great to see
a series of articles which surveyed the available
machines — not just the Mustang line. You ran such a
series on the 6809 boards. (Trie benchmarks 68 Micro
runs suggest that the Mustang machines will come out
just fine in such a series.) Hazelwood, Emerald,
Peripheral Technology, CIMIX, Mizar, TLM and,
perhaps, others have 680X0 offerings running OS-9/68K
orSK*DOS/68K.
Keep up the good work.
Sincerely,
Kenneth Drexler
365 Drake's View Drive
Inverness, California 94937
(415)485-1330
Zdilor'i f{fU: Tfianij Kpt far dU ortitii. 7or 10 b>ukj, wi'i go
mmmg.
Hi to if* tnu&mari^ittiu; m* Kant ttu£ I offend to m ifem fere
but now of On otntn lumtd too ffo* an tSol uUa Ifioi mm offoti to
aut.fi nvitmu from et/ua mite migfu Hat* ion* fUjmiiSi. Again, mm
iitw a ttanfi, foil it, ttvtnti ttaiii flaiitj (fat tncujvjtdi/ net uu to
puiCtn iSdt figurts, Iht xmtt mm puiliik tfumtd emmtt lAjt. tlomxscr,
lhaJd mmgtt ottu mwfiguru, on am/ otfur nvuAou, m tfit torn* boK
porf, I mHBUt oSofyou (wv.
TIME.CMD and the simple hardware described
below will give you a real time clock for your
FLEX computer. It will also let your computer
keep its own date registers up to date whether the
computer is on or off. The only requirements for
use of this hardware and software are an unused
PIA (Peripheral Interface Adapter) and FLEX or a
compatible operating system such as SK*DOS.
The hardware used by TIME consists of a
MSMS832 clock chip and a PIA. It costs less than
$10. When used with the TIME.CMD listed
below, this hardware allows you to display the
current time, set the MSMS832 chip, install the
software into FLEX which keeps the date current,
disable the up date software and display a help
message. TIME.CMD can be called from a
STARTUP.TXT file and will automatically install
itself, set FLEX's date registers and display the
date and time.
The Hardware
The hardware involved in this project could not
be simpler. It consists of the following seven
parts:
MSM5832 Chip
Unused PIA
32.768 KHz Qystal
2 - 22 pf. caps.
1 N9 1 4 Germanium Diode
3-5 volt battery
That is it. No pullups, no interface gates,
switches or transistors. The cost is under $10.
The heart of the clock is the MSM5832 clock
chip. This chip is a 16-pin integrated circuit
containing a CMOS real time clock. The chip
contains 13 registers in which it keeps the current
date, time and day of the week. It has four
address, four data and four control lines which
allow the computer to read and write the chip's
data registers. It uses a 32.768KHz crystal. The
access time for the MSMS832 is up to 6
microseconds so the chip cannot be driven directly
by the 6809. To deal with this fact, in this design
the clock chip is driven through a PIA.
The circuit used with the MSM5832 clock chip
is shown below. It uses both halves of an unused
44
March '87
'68' Micro Journal
PIA. Because of the simplicity of the circuit, no
fancy installation is needed. The MSMS832 can
be mounted in a spare socket or it can be glued on
an vacant comer of the board where the unused
PIA is located.
When connecting the MSM5832, it is important
to connect it to the PIA as shown in the schematic
below. The s«cret of the circuit's simplicity is in
the hookup shown: the MSM5832's data lines are
connected to PIA pins PAO to PA3 and the
MSM5832's address and control lines are
connected to PIA pins PBO to PB7. The reason
for this using this hookup is that the input/output
lines on the B-side of the PIA are three-state and
do not have pullups. This means that when the
PIA is reset or when outputs are not enabled, the
B-side pins float, neither high nor low. This
allows the pulldown resistors built into the
MSM5832 to pull the control and address lines
down to their inactive state (low). As a result,
resetting the PIA has no adverse effect on the data
stored in the clock chip.
There is another advantage of using a PIA to
directly drive the MSM5832. The PIA has an
output high voltage specification which is
sufficiently high to more than meet the input high
voltage specification of the MSM5832. If a
regular TTL circuit were used, pullup resistors
might be required.
The battery backup circuit consists of two
diodes which isolate the +5 power supply and the
backup battery. A germanium diode is used
between the backup battery and the clock chip to
minimize the voltage drop between the battery and
the MSM5832. This allows use of a compact, low
cost 3 volt lithium battery for backup. (The
MSM5832 needs a minimum of 2.2 volts for
backup.)
The Software
The source code for TIME.CMD is listed below.
It is written in 6809 assembly language and is
designed for use on a computer using General
FLEX sold by Technical Systems Consultants.
However, the program can be modified for
assembly by a 6800 or 6802 or for other versions
of FLEX. It can also be used with any
FLEX-compatible operating system such as
SK*DOS. The code is heavily commented and is
mostly straight forward.
TIME has five functions: Display Time, Start
Clock, Set Clock, Stop Clock and Help. An
option character typed on the command line after
the "TIME" program name determines which
function is executed.
Start Clock is the most complex function. When
it is called, it checks to s»e if the MSMS832 clock
chip contains a valid time and date. If the data is
not valid, the program prompts the user for the
correct data. Once valid data is obtained, this data
is used to set FLEX's date registers in RAM at
$CC0E and in the MSM5832. The clock chip then
is checked again for valid time and date data. If
the data is valid, the program then moves the code
which keeps FLEX's date registers up to date out
of the utility command space where TIME runs.
This code segment is then linked to FLEX's
WARMS entry point through the DWARM vector
(see below). Once this is done, whenever a
program calls WARMS, the update code reads the
cuiTent date from the MSMS832 and updates
FLEX's date registers, if necessary.
The code which handles the updating of FLEX's
date registers must remain in RAM after TIME is
run. In order to allow other commands to use the
utility command space in FLEX, the update code
is moved to RAM at the location named RAMLOC
in the source listing. RAMLOC should be set to an
unused section of RAM which is at least $78 bytes
long. If no such RAM is available, RAMLOC can
be set to $0, in which case the date update code
will automatically be placed at the top of RAM,
below MEMEND. MEMEND is then adjusted to
protect the moved code.
The installation code in TIME listed below uses
the DWARM entry point in FLEX's disk drivers.
This entry point is a part of general version of
FLEX and, perhaps, others. This entry point is
called whenever WARMS is executed. It is
designed to perform any needed updating of the
disk drivers. DWARM is located at $DE18 and
consists of a JMP instruction ($7E) followed by a
two byte address. The program preserves the
DWARM vector by stoiing the address portion of
the JMP instruction in the date update code. The
address of the date update code is then substituted
for the address in the DWARM jump. After a date
update is completed, the program jumps to the
address to which the DWARM call originally
pointed.
If your version of FLEX has a $7E at $DE18,
the code below can be used without change. If it
'68' Micro Journal
March -87
45
does not have a jump instruction at that location
you will have to modify the program listed below
to modify the address part of the WARMS vector
itself.
The only other tricky part of the TIME program
is the storage of the data needed to set the
MSM5832 chip and confirm that it is within the
chip's range. The complexity involves the fact
that all of the information needed to set the clock
chip is two characters long except the day of the
week, which is one character. This would not be
a problem except that the day of the week character
is in the middle of the register set of the
MSM5832. To compensate for this and to allow a
compact clock setting routine, SETCLOCK reads
a two character day-of-the-week number and then
adjusts the data to eliminate the extra byte before
the data packet is stored in the clock chip. The
code accepts both upper and lower case answers to
its questions. As written the code maintains time
in 2400 hour format.
TIME.CMD Hardware
The Stop Clock function uses the copy of the
address portion of DWARM which is stored in the
date update code to restore the original DWARM
call. Stop clock does not attempt to restore
MEMEND to its original value because it has no
way of knowing if other programs have been
placed in RAM below the update code.
In order to use the software, there are only two
equates which must be set in the source listing.
These are RAMLOC and CLKADR. RAMLOC is
discussed above. CLKADR is the address of the
PIA to which the MSM5832 is attached. All other
addresses used in the listing are FLEX standard
addresses and need not be changed. If your
version of FLEX does not have a JMP instruction
at SDE18, you will have to slightly rewrite the
code between TIME2 and TIME3 and between
T1ME8 and TIME10 to point at WARMS+1 rather
thanDWARM+1.
Enjoy.
+ 5«<>
PIA P<Aj*
2
3
10
11
1Z
13
LH
IS
16
17
2.Z P.f.
pa 7 y^
Msrissaa
46
March -87
68' Micro Journal
NAM TIME PROGRAM - VERSION 1.0
OPT PAG
OKARM EQU FIEX+S1E18 DISK HARM START (JMP)
PAG
EOICHR BQU FIEX+SDC02 END OF LIME CHAR.
SYSMDN EQU FI£X+SC0E SYSTEM MONTH
SYSDAY EQU FI£X+SC0F SYSTEM DAY
• TiMK COMMAND
SYSYR EQU FI£X+SC10 SYSTEM DAY
MEMEND EQU FI£X+S0C2B
* Oate: April 8, 1966
*
* Revised Oocenter 22, 1966
• MSM5632 EQUATES
• By Ken Drexler, 36S Drakes View Drive
CLKADR EQU SF40C CICCK ADDRESS
* Inverness, California
DATHEG BQU DATA REG.
DATCTL EOU 1
* This command starts ami runs a HSM5632 clock
ADDREG EQU 2 ADDRESS REG.
* chip on a Flex 9 system. The program can be
ADRCTL EOU 3
* called from the STARTUP file or used as a
• utility.
* ADDRESS RBGISTER EQUATES
WRITE EQU $10
* See, "Clock/Calendar for the 6609* by
READ EOU $20
* David R. Rawson, Microcomputing, July 1961.
ADJ EQU $40
* page 1 32 .
HOLD EOU $60
* Cqinund format: "TIME <Options>"
* DATA REGISTER EQUATES
SEC1 EOU
* Options: None Display Time and Date
SEC10 EQU 1
* ♦ Start Clock
MINI EQU 2
• S Set Clock
MIN10 EQU 3
• Z Stop Clock
HR1 EQU 4
• ? Help Message
HR10 EOU 5 D3: l-24hr, 0.12hr
DOM EQU 6
* Startup is the most complex function:
DAY1 EQU 7
* The program first checks if the clock chip has
DAY10 EQU 6 D2: 1-I«ap, 0-Not Leap
* valid data. If it does it moves code to RAM
MDN1 EQU 9
* which will use the chip to set the Flex date
MDN10 EQU 10
* registers on every warm start of Flex. This will
YR1 EQU 11
* keep Flex up-to-date.
YR10 BQU 12
PAG
* If the clock data is not valid, the program asks
* for the current date and time and uses this
■
* Information to sot the Flex date registers and
ORG FI£X+$100
* the clock chip. The clock chip is then checked
TIME BRA TIME1
* for valid data again. If the data is valid, the
* code which will set the Flex registers on warm
VER FCB 10 VERSION 1.0
* start is moved to RAM and enabled.
* VARIABI£S AND DATA
* If the Clock is set, the program exits by
* displaying the current date and time.
* VARIABLES
*
* Hours are entered using a 24 hour format.
DATA RMB 14 (MUST be even!)
* The Warm start code is placed in RAM at RAMLOC
MAX EQU * MAXIMUM DATA VALUE TABLE
* or, if RAMLOC - 0, it is placed at the top of
FOB 59,23,6,31,12,99
* memory and MBMEND is adjusted to below it .
SPC 3
* SEI£CT OPTIONS
TIME1 JSR NXTCH GET NEXT CHARACTER
PAG
CMP A l$0D NO PARAMETERS, DATE, TIME ONLY
LBEO TIME10
CMPA EOICHR END OF LINE?
• SYSTEM EQUATE
I.B8Q TIME10 YES, DATE, TIME ONLY
FI£X EQI1 SC000
CMPA !■♦ STARTUP?
BEO TIHE4
• RAM EQUATES
AMDA t$5F FWCS UPPER CASE
RAMLOC EQU SF160 ICC. TO STORE SETSYS ROUTINE
CMPA %'Z CICCK OFF7
BEO TTME2
• FI£X EQUATES
CMPA I'S SET CLOCK CHIP7
HARMS EQU FI£X+$0D03
BEO TIMES
GETCHR EQI1 FI£X + S0015
PUTCHR BQU FI£X+50D18
• ANYTHING EI.SE IS HELP
INBUFF EOt) FIEX + S001B
LEAX HELPMS, PCR PRINT HELP MESSAGE
PSTRNG EQU FIZX+S0D1E
BRA TIME7 PRINT AND EXIT
PCR1F EQU FIEX+S0D24
NXTCH BQv FIEX+50D27
* TURN OFF C1ACX, RESTORE ORIGINAL ONARH CODE
GETDEC EQU FIEX+S0D48
TIME2 1X)X DWARM+1 GET DWARM VECTOR
'66' Micro Journal
March '87
47
• CHECK CLOCK CODE INSTALLED
JHP >0 TWO BYTES, TO BE PATCHED BEFORE USE
LDO , X GET DATA THERE
ova setsys tike cos?
RETRN BOO «-2
BME TIMJ3 TDK COS HOT DiSTALIED
SPC 3
LDO RETRH-SETSYS.X GET OLD VECTOR
•• INITIALIZE PIA AND CHECK CHIP
SID DWWW»1 REPLACE IT
• OUT: X - CLOCK ADDRESS
TIHE3 IDX tCLKADR POINT AT CLOCK CHIP
*
CLRB
INITRD IOX ICLKADR POINT AT CLOCK
STB ADRCTL, X
CERA
STB ADDXEC.X
STA DATCTL, X
LDB ($04
STA ADRCTL, X
STB ADRCTL, X
LOB l$3E
BRA EXIT
STD DATREG, X SET DDRA - INPUT
COMA
• STARTUP CLOCK
STD ADDREG.X SET DDRB - OUTPUT
TIHE4 LBSR INITRD INITIALIZE CLOCK, GET ADDR IN X
RTS
LBSR HOLOON STOP CLOCK
SPC 3
LBSR CKSET CLOCK DATA VALID
• READ CLOCK DIGIT TO A
BCC TDE8 DATA OK
• IN: X - CLOCK
TIWJ5 LBSR SCTCLOCK GET DATA, SET FLEX. CHIP
• B - REGISTER NO.
LBSR CKSET SET NOtO
• PIA INITIALIZED FOR READ
BCC TIMEB YES, CONTINUE
* CLOCK ON HOLD
CIRB NO, RELEASE HOLD AND EXIT
• OUT: A - BCD DATA
STB ADOREG.X CLEAR HOIO
• B, X, Y PRESERVED
TIME* LEAX NOTVAL.PCR PRINT INVALID DATA MSG .
*
TD«7 JSR PSTRNG
RDIGIT PSHS B, Y SAVE REGS
BRA EXIT
LEAY <MSXTBL,PCR POINT AT MASK TABLE
ORB IHOIO»READ ENABLE READ
• SET UP COOe FOR FIEX HARMS
STB ADORECX
TIHE8 LDO OKAfOHl SAVE OIO JUMP DESTINATION
NOP DELAY
STD RETRN
LDA DATREG, X
LEAX ENOMDV.PCR SET END POINTER
PULS B GET NO.
PSHS X STACK IT
ANDA B,Y MASK DATA
LEAX BEGMDV.PCR GET START
PULS Y,PC
IDT IRAHLOC GET DESTINATION
• MASX TASIE
• IF RAHLOC ZERO, MOVE MEMEND
MSKTBL FCB SF, ST. SF, $7, $P, S3, $7, SF, S3, SF, SI, SF, SF
BNE TIME9 SKIP IF oO
SPC 3
ldo mbhend get old hekend
• READ TNO CLOCK DIGITS 10 D
SUBD ENDHDV-BEQOV
* IN: X - CLOCK
STD MEtCND SAVE RESULT
* B - FIRST REG. TO READ
TFR D,Y KJVE DESTINATION TO Y
' PIA INITIALIZED FOR READ
TIME9 PSHS Y SAVE LOCATION OP CODE
• CLOCK ON HOIO
TIMZ91 IDA ,X+ M3VE DATA
* OUT: D - BCD DATA A:MSB B:LSB
STA , Y*
*
CMPX 2,S DONE?
RD2DIG BSR RDIGIT GET FIRST DIG.
8KB TIME 91
PSHS A SAVE FIRST
PULS X,Y GET DESTINATION, CLEAN STACK
INCB
STX OttARM+1 STORE LOG. OP CODE IN DWARM OPERAND
BSR RDIGIT MSB TO A
TIME10 LBSR PRDATE PRINT DATE/TIME
PULS B,PC LSB TO B, RETURN
EXIT Jl* WARMS
SPC 3
PAG
• READ BINARY DIGIT ROUTINE
• THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM SBOCNT IS MOVED OUT
• IN: X - CLOCK
* OF 1KB UTILITY SPACE AND LINKED TO HARMS .
B - 1ST REG. NO.
• it KEEPS THE FLEX DATE REGISTERS CURRENT.
•
8EGM0V BQU •
RD2BIN BSR RD2DIG GET DIGITS, FALL THRU TO .
• SET FLEX DATE REGISTERS
• BCD TO BINARY ROUTINE
*
• IN: D - 2 BCO DIGITS A:MSB B:LSB
SETSYS BSR INITRD SET PIA, GET CLKADR
• OUT: B - BINARY SUM OF DIGITS
BSR HOLOON STOP CLOCK
*
LOB IDAY1
BCDBIN PSHS B SAVE LSB
BSR RD2BIN
LOB 110 MSB'10
STB SYSOAY
MIL
LDB IM0N1 GET MONTH
ADDB , S* ADD LSB
BSR RD2BIN
RTS
STB SYSHDN
SPC 3
LDB tYRl
• CLOCK HOLD ON ROUTINE
BSR RD2BIN
« IN: X - CLOCK ADDRESS
STB SYSYR
*
CLRB CLEAR HOIO
HOLOON PSHS A SAVE A
STB ADORECX
LDA IHOLD
48
Man* -87
'68' Micro Journal
STA ADDRECX
PULS A RESTORE A AND FALL THRU TO
SPC 3
** DELAY ROUTINE
' DELAY - 160 USEC.
*
DELAY PSHS A
LDA 116
DELAY1 IBRN DEIAY 5 CYCLES
DBCA 2 CYCIJSS
BNE OeLAYl 3 CYCIES
pais a, pc
SPC 3
ENDMUV EQU *
• END OF MuVED PROGRAM SEGMENT
PAG
##•»•«••»••
»#*#*#*•*•*#*#»
»*«»•»•»»••*«»•
• READ TWO ASCII DIGITS
#
• IN: D - 2 BCD DIGITS
• OUT: D - 2 ASCII DIGITS A:HSB B:i.SB
*
R02ASC BSR RD2DIG READ 2 DIGITS
ADDD #53030 CONV. TO ASCII
RTS
SPC 3
• CHECK CLOCK DATA FOR RANGE
• IN: X - CLOCK
• PIA INITIALIZED FOR READ
• CHIP HOLD ON
• OUT: CARRY -1 IF INVALID, ELSE -0
*
CKSBT LDB ISEC1 SET REG.
BSR RD2BIN
CMPB 159 IN RANGE7
3GT BADIG
LDB #KIN1
BSR RD2BIN
MB IS9
BGT BADIG
LDB #HR1
BSR RD2BIN
CMPB 124
BGT BADIG
LDB »0OW
BSR ROIGIT
CMP A 16
BGT BADIG
LDB IDAY1
BSR R02BIN
CMPB 131
BGT BADIG
LDB #M3N1
BSR RD2BIN
CMPB 112
BGT BADIG
ICB tYRl
BSR RD2BIN
CMPB #99
BGT BADIG
CI.RB
RTS
BADIG COMB
RTS
SPC 3
• PRINT DATE ROUTINE
*
PROATE IBSR INITRD INZ. PIA, GET CLKADR
BSR HOLDON STOP CLOCK
LDD #50D0A PRINT CR LP
BSR PRNTD
LDB (MON1 PRINT MONTH
BSR RD2BIN
DECB ADJUST TO ZERO BASE
PSHS X
LEAX MONTBL.PCR POINT AT NAMES
LDA #3
MLTL
LEAX D, X POINT AT STRING
BSR PRNT3S PRINT 3 CHAR. NAME
PULS X
LDB (DAY1
BSR PR2DIG PRINT DAY
LDD »',*256+S20
BSR PRNTD
LDD #256" 1+' 9
BSR PRNTD
LDB #YR1 PRINT YEAR
BSR PR2DIG
LDA ($20 SPACE
BSR OUTCHR
LDB (DOH PRINT NAME OF DAY
LBSR RDIGIT GET DON • IN A
LDB #3
MJL
PSHS X SAVE X
LEAX DAYTBL.PCR POINT AT TABIE
LEAX B,X POINT AT STRING
BSR PRNT3S
PULS X RESTORE X
LDB (HR1 PRINT HOtIR
BSR PR2DIG
IDA #' :
BSR OUTCIIR
LDB (MINI
BSR PR2DIG
IDA •':
BSR OUTCHR
LDB #S£cl
BSR PR2DIG
IDD ($0D0A CRLF
BSR PRNTD
CI.RB RELRASS HOLD
STB ADDRECX
RTS
PR2DIG LBSR RD2ASC GET 2 ASCII, FALL THRU TO . . .
PRNTD BSR OUTCIIR PRINT A
TFR B,A
OUTCHR JMP PUTCHR
• PRINT THREE CHAR. STRING
♦ IN: X - ADDR. OF STRING
*
PRNT3S LDB #3 SET COUNTER
P3S1 LDA , X+ GET CHAR
BSR OUTCHR
DBCB
BNE P3S1
LDA ($20 SPACE
BRA OUTCHR
SPC 3
•• SET CLOCK ROUTINE
• OUT: X - CLOCK ADDRESS
* CLOCK CHIP SET
• FI£X DATE RBGISTERS SET
*
SETCLOCK IBSR INITKR SET PIA -WRITE, GET CLKADR
* GET DATA IN INVERSE REGISTER ORDER (2 BYTES EACH)
'68' Micro Journal
March's/
49
IEAU MAX.PCR POINT AT END OF DATA
PRSTR1 LDA , Y+ GET NEXT CHAR.
I.EAY INTRO, PCR
CM?A IS04 END?
BSR PRSTR PRINT INTRO AND YEAR?
BNE PRSTRD NO, PRINT IT
LBSR GETNUH
RTS
BSR PRSTR HONTH?
SPC 3
LBSR GETNUM
■ GET BINARY ROUTINE
BSR PRSTR DAY?
■ W: B - REG. NO. OF DATA
BSR GETNUM
• U - DATA STORAGE
BSR PRSTR DAY OF THE WEEX?
• OUT: B - BINARY VALUE OF 10* IREG, UJ + IREG+1,
U]
BSR GETNUH
*
BSR PRSTR HOUR?
GETBIN LCD B,U GET DATA
BSR GETNUH
EXG A, B
BSR PRSTR MINUTE?
LBSR BCDBDI CONV. TO BINARY
BSR GETNUH
RTS
CIR ,-U SEC1.SEC1D -
SPC 3
CLR ,-U U NOW POINTS TO DATA START
•• GET NUt«ER ROUTINE
BSR PRSTR LEAP YEAR?
•
JSR GETCHR
■ IN: U - DESTINATION FOR DATA
AND A #S5F FORCE UPPER CASE
* D - HEX DIGIT
CM>A I'Y
* OUT: D - TWO BCD DIGITS STORED |,--U)
BNE SCLK2 NOT LEAP YEAR
• THE MSBYTE IS STORED AT THE HI. ADDR.
LDA DAY1D+1.U
•
ORA #504 SET LEAP YEAR BIT
GETNUM JSR INBUFP
STA OAY10+1.U
JSR GETDEC
SCLK2 LOA HR1D, U
BCS GETERR ERROR
ORA l?08 SET 2400 HOURS MODE
TSTB
STA HR10.U
BEO GETERR ERROR
BSR PRSTR REDO?
CMPX 10, U IN RANGE?
JSR GETCHR
BGT GETERR NO
ANSA ISSF FORCE UPPER CASE
TFR X, D KJVE TO
CHPA I'Y
BSR DTOBCD
BEO SETCLOCK
EMG A, B ADJUST POSITION
STD ,--U SAVE IT
• ADJUST DATA TO ELIMINATE 2ND DOW BYTE
RTS
LEAX 0OW+1.U
LOB 16 SET COUNTER
GETERR LEAX ERRORS, PCR PRINT ERROR MSG
SCLK3 LDA 1,X
JSR PSTRNG
STA ,X+
BRA GETNUM
DECB
SPC 3
BNE 3CLK3
*• HEX TO BCD ROUTINE
LDX IC1XADR
* NOTE: RANGE IS LIMITED TO TO 99 DECIMA1
BSR SET PUT DATA IN CHIP
* IN: - HEX DIGITS
BSR PRSTR PUSH KEY TO START
• OUT: D - TWO BCD DIGITS
JSR GETCHR
*
CIAA
DTOBCD CLRA
STA ADOREG.X RE1£ASE HOLD
DBC01 SUBB I1D LSB - 10
STA DATCTL.X SET DDRA TO INPUT
BCS DBCD2 TOO MTCH?
STA DATREG.X
INCA COUNT 10 'S
IDA IS3E
BRA DBCD1
STA DATCTL.X
DBCD2 AOOB tlO ADD 10 BACK
* SET FLEX DATE REGISTERS
RTS
LOB IDAY1 DAY
SPC 3
BSR GETS IN
" INITIALIZE PIA AND CHECK CHIP
STB SYSDAY SET FLEX
• OUT: X - CLOCK ADDRESS
LDB IMDN1 MONTH
*
BSR GETBIN
INITWR IDX ICLXADR GET CLOCK ADORESS
STB SYSMON
CIAA INITIALIZE PIA
LDB IYR1 YEAR
STA DATCTL.X
BSR GETBIN
STA ADRCTL.X
STB SYSYR
COMA
RTS
STA DATREG.X SET DDRA AND DDRB TO OUTPUTS
SPC 3
STA ADOREG.X
•* SET CLOCK SUBROUTINES
LDA l$3E SET PIA STATUS
*
STA DATCTL.X
** PRINT PROMPTS
STA ADRCTL.X
» IN: Y - POtNTER TO STRING DATA
RTS
t
SPC 3
PRSTR JSR PCRJF PRINT LINE
•* SET DATA IN CLOCK CHIP
BRA PRSTR 1
• IN: X - CLOCK ADDRESS
* U - DATA STORAGE
PRSTRD JSR PUTCHR PRINT CHAR.
*
50
March's?
'68' Micro Journal
SET 1BSR BOLDON STOP CLCCK
LDB IH0IIHSEC1
PSHS U
SET1 STB ADDREG.X
LQA ,U+
STA DATREG.X
ORB WRITE
STB ADDREG.X
ANDB ISFF-NRITE
STB ADDREG.X
CMPB IHO1D+YR10
BEO SET2
INCH
BRA SET1
SET2 PUIS U.PC
SFC 3
•• MESSAGES AND TABI£S
*
** MONTH TABIZ
*
MONTBL FCC /JanFeWiarAprMayJun/
FCC /JulAugSepOctNovOec/
DAYTBL FCC /SunMonTueHedThuF rlSat/
** MESSAGES
N0TVAL FCC /Clock data invalid!!/
FCB 7,4
INTRO fCC /Set Date I Time:/
FCB SO, $A
SEAR FCC /Year? 19/
FCB 4
MONTH ICC /Month? /
FCB 4
DAY FCC /Day? /
ICB 4
DOWN FCC /Days after Sunday? /
FCB 4
HOUR FCC /Hour? (2400 hour clock.) : /
FCB 4
MINUTE SCC /Minute? /
FCB 4
LPYR FCC /leap Year? (Y ot It): /
iCB 4
ERROR! FCC /Redo entries? (Y or N) : /
FCB 4
START FCC /Press any key to start Clock »»/
FCB 4
ERRORS FCC /Error, ReEnter Data: /
FCB 7,4
HE1PMS FCC /Usage: TIME <Option>/
FCB SD, SA
FCC /Options: (None) - Display date-time/
FCB $D,SA
FCC / + - Start Clock/
FCB $D,SA
FCC / S - Set Clock/
FCB SD, $A
FCC / 2 ■
FCB SD.SA
FCC / 7 ■
FCB 4
■ Stop Clock/
- Help/
END TIME
EOF
DAISY WHEEL PRINTERS
Qumc Sprint 9 - $900 Qume Sprint 5 - $800
Winchester 10 Megabyte Drive - Seagate Model #412
$275.
3 - Dual 8" drive enclosure with power supply. New in box.
$125 each.
S - Siemens 8" Disk Drives. $100 each.
Tano Outpost II, 56K. 2 5" DSDD Drives, FLEX.
MUMPS $495.
TELEITPE Model 43 PRINTER - with serial (RS232)
interface and full ASCII keyboard. $250 ready to run.
SWTPC S/09 with Motorola 128K RAM, 1-MPS2. 1-
Parallel Port, MP-09 CU Card - $900 complete.
CDS-1- 20 Meg Hard Disk System with controller $500.
(615) 842-4600 M-F 9 AM to 5 PM EST
•••
Wanted to buy DMF-3 Boards. Please Call
Doug (208) 939-8813.
•••
Wanted 1 Hazel wood MC 20 Disk Controller.
John Scarfoss (512) 781-2361.
•••
S/09 w/64K, dual DSSD mint-floppies, 4 serial. 3-parallel,
Cr-82 terminal, MX -80 w/Graftnw, FLEX, software.
Excellent condition. Make offer.
Keith (405) 624-0621 evenings.
•••
Several SS50, SS30 cards .reasonable. Send SASE for
complete list or call.
(503) 485-2796 Crosby Stone. 1941 B W17th St
Eugene.O.97402
FOR THOSE
'68' Micro Journal
March -87
51
Cad for Scftzvare:
68000, C, Basic09
Sculptor
We ere receiving cdls cr>d letters from numerous
sotjees. Including LBors, business end others
looking for OS-9 68000 software; oppicatlons, etc.
Many of you have developed software that wtth
lillle change could be adapted for others, tf you
are Interested in selling It, please let us know. There
is a growing market out there now. Get In on the
ground floorl
If you can use oddWIond income and have some*
thing that might be of Interest, col and tak to Lcny
or Don.
S.E. MEDIA Division - CPI
P08 849
Hixson. TN 37343
Telephone (615) 842-6809
Telex (510) 600-6630
SK* DOS
Th* GftWK OOS " tor MOOT ««>*c#Hoo»m
* iftdw*u«(Ca*irot
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* 0«d«n«d Syttamt
* Tumli#Y Svitwrif,
* Dili Co-lac Km
* S*n»*»fto#«d Corfvpuian
* Ouior-amad Coasouimx
it CrtpTucsWo'KtUt'Oni
* 0n»Of-» kind SVSTvni
* A0mw* HdM>vt*» U*»
SK-OOS u m **ngt» <*wt d* ooarafng ty-tan for compuieo usmg, Uois»ati 32 txl CPU*
mcfl •» th# 68606. WOOD. 66010. and 66020 M prov<0*» d* pOtv*« ol a full 00&. Ytt it
fampto and «ttV 10 vW and »vtH fvn on fytiarni from 32K to tS mragafeycat ftacavia
SK-DOS <■ anly a*(0la*naT> tad on i n«w «v»»arn m« ca« .1 "Thf Gimrc DOS" wnct.
allow* Program) -rfflte* for on* lyiiim to ba rw on many otttart.
SK-OOS comn with over ^0 command* and iyil*m program*. mchxJ.ng a 6809 ■mutilor
which ailom 66K SK .DOS to run *P^^tiOnprograim and languagn dtwrlopaO (or 6809
SK*OOS and other tyitimt An*m6<ot>, adtton and hiohtf l«v«l Itrtguagt lupprnt at
avallabl* from third party «Qitwar**andoo rnd through public domain wHrwar*
SXaDOS * a*»lat>4« for »ngla~copv or 4a*ifr i**V at wait hOEU .wvn&u^. S-V« «*>«
•Ott JIR 1inqu<ra at to -v-tLafcU tyrtamt) Calramaly jttracttva OEM Icvm*, tarm, an
•l» a»#ilae*a An opi tonal Con'*«w<-atKy> Kn oonta*nt a dvu«*ad CrdnffgwJaiiOn "riial
and TWO di«k« of aourot cod* tot tyttam adaptation, including Kawrs coda Nx a fytlam
moot»o# drfxig ROM and 0**r pfOgtamt m W t u i (or **«prmg sn • OOS to n#w fV*^f>L
SK-DOS
Star-K
.SOFTWARE SYSTEMS CORPORATION
*v ton jo» mt kisco.nv iomd iiar><i02*>
TCLEIIIIIMIII'I
SOFTWARE FOR 680x AND MSDOS
SUPER SLEUTH r»SA3SE\lflL£ R3
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OSJE CT-OMLV wnlm: EACH Ufr«l.tX.Ot*.COCO
■ aa — »iri gamut* aouoa on oak van «eara, •«« *<f orary arJans
•P«*y aaoo.i .«.»».»««» wmi oi UtvmaD.s varan
OSHtaraanatoo u i aEJCtom«iotjaOB»irdiOS<
COCO DOS muiM m SOOOi 2 1 S.» 4*502 witon Iran 2809060 SI only
NEW SMlO d>f uiamtHai IIOO-FLEX,OS/S.UNIFLEX.O£/»-alK..MaOOS
CROSS-ASSEMBLERS WITH MACRO CAPABILmES
EACH JS0-FLEX.OS/9.UNIFLEX.MSOOS ANY 3 J100 ALL S200
•owafy lot 1BO>.eSM.6Wl.tVO4.M0S.a*M.U2N.»CM».«l»VeOSS«800CI
nnUrwM iii .o n .! wCwWiaaoVurieaaiiMim NOv»:OoV»-»iK
a m (not MOOS) Num ki>adaaDfiail90«*Q\ HOoier J. 1300 tor M
DEBUQGMG SaiULATORS FOR POPULAR 8-0(7 MICROPROCESSOR S
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OBJECT-ONLT tmtM: EACH UO-COCO FIEX.COCO Oin
<•■*») inUi pxzaaaax nckOa IliaapiOi tanruarv rtrwy «Mng
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ASSEMBLER CODE TRANSLATORS FOR 6S02. 660011, 6809
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FULL-SCREEN XBASrC PROGRAMS «nt. cvrvor cnM
AVAILABLE FOR FLEX. UNIFLEX, AN0 MSOOS
DISPLAil G£NE RAroa , D0CL«£NT0n »S0 * (ourca. MS *l»out
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TABULA RASA Sr^CAIErCFI »100 WHmir*,!
DISK AN0 XBASrC I/DUTY PROGRAM LIBRARY
SS0-FLEX S30UNIFLEXMSDOS
arJH dl*k tackn. ton dk*dvy.n(«raain inctfw caWog. doaWtaoftt.
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CMCCCM TELECOMMUMCATIONS PROGRAM
St00>FLEX,OS/9,UNIFLEX, MS-DOS, OS»»-68K,UNIX
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lor COCO rtrotCOCP.C*— lar va l COCO rroari pur «1 to a<00 Baud
DISKETTES & SERVICES
5.25" DISKETTES
EACH 10 PACK S12 50-SSSD SSDQDSDD
Amaneaft-maOa. Qua n rt u fl 100%ouaH>. *flh Tyvafc aKMBL IX* wim, and Mt
AOOmONA L SERVICES FOR THE COMPUTt NG COMMUMT V
CUSTOMIZED PROGRAMMING
MMonma any or ft* pruuiaim rtan-nnjil r\»M a » ai— iia H ormoiy
bnaifM* lor »a*»taaB ojsian^r twor iootav na* pnaBoi: iha cnarga
lor wucft odDruarr dapandi upon ft* nwAaufiWy oHhnrMa ufa g
CONTRACT PROGRAMMING
yra wd enjam nvrj proynn« or irvoVy raaa^ tru| > » "l on a ODTtraCI bai«.
■ ana wo r*< pna*M tor owor bMjny yaan. Nar>?*i onwhaft na
ha^ iarOnvd ofid cruyrrwrj aciala raoal pnptAB niarj ol
mirtrimH. nckxtnr; IBM. Bifrauana, Uvrat n onarwal. rara popxar
mark or rrfraxrrpvx. bcUr^g DEC. 8M. 0G, ►•>. AT»T. ard moai
posuai Br.nda or mjiuma av ndu*ng 6*001 . eaoa, 290. 6S03.
ttOOO, uan) iron aorpiA anguagar and opwM^ ayaan. on <ydvm
rvigng « aa* *om larga ■mwuni to knot* Board u aa tj an .
•w OTMrBt tor oonsad if iv*" lv V a iiaf> by fia rtour or by ff» taaa
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ra orwaa tor oBr«i*nB « romaay boaad i«on (una »••* and m pnrnt n
Computer Syatoma Consultanu. Inc.
1454 Latla Larw, Conyara. GA 30207
Telephone 404-483 -4570 or 1717
We lake orders et eny lime, but plan
long discussions slier 6, If possible.
Contact us about catalog, dsaler. discounts, snd services.
Moet programa In source: give computer. OS, dlak else.
25% otl multiple purchases ol same progrem on one order.
VISA end MASTER CARD accepted; US funds only, pleese.
Add GA eelaa lax (II In GA) snd 5% shipping.
Rjvt»aPwT»j«»» a > ia riaCo-a a a» OrMu ov <ri.COCOT»ri»>axffltfc^-
52
March '87
68' Micro Journal
"TOPS
NOW' TS&S OWJFUCB. PMWK Stop-'
Makes professionals of us all.
For less than just affordable!
DeskTop Publishing
NOTE: The following includes a 3 day, hands-on , insouctional session for the
entire "The OFFICE PRINT Shop™' system. A full 6 months, no extra charge,
telephone or in-house (our offices, normal business hours) follow-up advisory
service. We feature full Apple™ service and also national service by Honeywell.
This includes next day , on site service. Over 95% of all service requests are com-
pleted on the initial call. We understand the importance of fast service!
100
(^ System 100 Very Affordable Save up to 90% on your printing
The TO PS System 100
consists of the following items:
•A special Apple Macintosh Plus™ 1 Megabyte computer, including
a double sided, double density 800,000+ character disk drive.
An Apple LaserWriter™ typeset quality printer.
Page make-up software
galley typesetting software
3 day - on site - instructions
6 months instructional support &
much morel
Wc also offer software to drive
most all ihe large commercial typesetters.
You can save a bundle by doing your own
typesetting and proofing, and men down-
loading to the commercial system.
Leasing with payout available for all systems.
(^
Also available with 20 million character storage Hard Disk'
r
Data-Comp Division
A
A Decade of Quality Service'
Systems World-Wide *"
Computer Publishing, Inc. 5900 Cassandra Smith Road
Telephone 615 842-4601 - Telex 510 600-6630 Hixson, Tn 37343
This document composed, typeset and printed with a TOPS System 100
TOPS 7V OFFICE FUtfT Shop ■ • ntfamsk of Gjhj>i»» PufelkbJos. toe
AfpU VauaM Pba k ■ ttadonst erf Affile Conia*r OSnfmy , lac
LaMtWriur it A cmdonst of Apple Ccnpfler GMupmaj. Ids.
'63' Micro Journal
March*?
53
OS-9 UniFLEX
MUSTANG-020, 68020, 68881 AND MORE
HANDS-ON EXPERIENCE
The DATA-Comp Division of Computer Publishing Corporation announces their new and
innovative HANDS-ON 68020 computer familiarization two day event. A chance to TRY
BEFORE YOU BUY!
For two full days (Monday through Friday - excluding legal holidays) each participant will
be furnished the exclusive use of a 68020 computer (MUSTANG-020). Each system will
have available native C compilers, BASIC, assembler and other high level languages. Each
system will be equipped with the Motorola MC 68881 math co-processor, where
applicable.
Each demonstration room will contain not more than two work stations. Each system will
be equipped with floppy disk, 20 megabyte Winchester technology hard disk, and 2
megabyte of RAM. RAM is partitioned as 690K bytes of RAM disk and 1.2 megabyte of
user RAM space.
Participants are encouraged to bring along any source level projects, for evaluation, in C,
BASIC or assembler. Call for availibility of other HHLs.
Although this is not a training seminar, Data-Comp personnel are available for assistance
and consultation. This event is scheduled for hands-on evaluations of the 68020 CPU.
68881 math co-processor and MUSTANG-020 system, operating in a functional
environment.
Transportation to and from the airport and hotel/motel will be provided. Lunch provided
both days. Chattanooga airport is serviced by American , Delta. Republic and other airlines.
COST
One person - S375.00
Two persons - S595. 00
* Mole! single $22.00, double $26.00
Includes satellite TV - convenient to food and shopping
DATA-COMP
A Division of
Computer Publishing, Inc.
5900 Cassandra Smith Road
Hixson, Tn 37343
Telephone 615 842-4600
Telex 510 600-6630
Systems available for both OS-9 and UniFLEX. Reservation should be made 15 days in
advance. Attendee should initially indicate OS-9. UniFLEX or both. Special facilities
available on request. Please write or call for additional information.
NOTE: Both OS-9 and UniFLEX are Unix type operating systems. Each as been enhanced
in some aspect or another. Prospective attendees should have some working knowledge or
experience with one of these operating systems, to gam full benefit of the session.
However, a newcomer will find that it is a simple matter to be fairly proficient in using these
systems in the allocated lime. Special system instruction available on request. Call or
write.
* Hotel/Motel cost are separate cost, not included in the basic cost shown.
54
March's?
'68' Micro Journal
THE 6800-6809 BOOKS
..HEAR YE. HCAR
OS-9"
User Notes
By: Peter Dibble
The publisher* of 6B' Micro Journal are proud Co
available Che publication of Peter Dibble*
os» usu trres
Information for the BECDtNER Co Che PRO,
IcguJar or CoCo 0S9
tiling OS9
KELP, HINTS, PROBLEMS, REVIEWS, SUCCESTIONS, COMPIAINTS,
0S9 STANUAROS. CeneratlnR a New Booticrap, Building a
new Syste* Dlak, OSS Uaera Croup, ecc.
Program Interfacing Co 0S9
DEVICE DESCRIPTORS, DIRECTORIES, 'FORKS - , PROTECTION,
"SUSPEND STATE - , "PIPES". "INPUT/uUTPtT STS1EK", ecc.
Frograjaslag Langusgea
Aaaeably language ProRraaa and Interfacing; Baslc09. C,
Pascal, and Cobol revlewe, prograaa, and uaea; ecc.
Make Include
ek> typing all the Source Llatloga In. Source Code and,
where applicable, aaaeabled or coaplled Operating
Prograea. The Source and the Dlscueslone In the
Columns can be uaed "aa la", or aa a "StartlnR Point"
for developing your OWN aiore powerful Progress.
Prograaa aoaetlaea uae aultlple Languages auch aa a
a ho t t Aaaeably Language Routine for reading a
Directory, which la then "piped" to a Baslc09 Routine
for outpuC foraatclng, etc.
BOOK $9.95
Typeset — w/ Source Uatlnga
(1-llole Punched; 8 x II)
Delia* Binder ---------- S5.S0
All Source Listings on Disk
1-8" SS, SO Dlak SH.95
2-S" SS, 00 Dlska S2*.95
FLEX™
USER NOTES
By: Ronald Anderson
The publlahera of 68 MICRO JOURNAL are proud to
ke available the publication of Ron Anderaon'a CLXI
Et NOTES, in book fori. This popular aont hly coluan
haa been a regular feature In 68' MICRO JOURNAL SINCE
979. tc haa earned Che reaped of thousenda of
68 MICRO JOURNAL readera over Che yeara. In face,
n'a coluan haa been described aa Che 'Bible' for 68XX
uaera, by aooie of the world'a leading ulcroprocesaor
prof eaatonala. The ooac needed and popular 68XX book
available. Over Che yeara Ron'a coluan haa been one of
Che aoac popular In 68 MICRO JOURNAL. And of courae
68 MICRO JOURNAL la the aoac popular 68XX aagatlne
publlahed .
Uaced below are a few of Che TUT ftlea Included In Che
book and on dlakecce.
AH TEXT hies hi lhe txx* are On the auks
LOGO CI File load program 10 oftsel memory — ASM PIC
MEMOVEC1 Memory move progi am — ASM PIC
0UMPC1 Pnntei OXimp proo» am — uses LOGO — ASM PIC
SUBTEST C1 Simulation of 6800 code 10 6809. show differences — ASM
TERMEM C2 Modem input lo disk (Of other port input to disk) — ASM
M C2 Output a file to modem (or another port) — ASM
PRINT C3 Parallel (enhanced) printer dnver — ASM
MODEM C2 TTL output lo CRT and modem (or oiher port) — ASM
SCIPKG CI Scientific math routines — PASCAL
V C* Mini.momtor. disk residenl many useful functions — ASM
PRINT C4 Parallel primer driver, without PFLAG — ASM
SET CS Sel printer modes — ASM
SETBASl CS Set primer modes — A-BASIC
NOTE: -CI..C2, etc. -Chapter I, Chapter 2, etc.
••Over 10 TEXT fllea Included la ASM (assenbler)-PASCAL-
P1C (position Independent code) TSC BASIC-C. etc.
Book only: $7.95 + $2.50 S/H
With disk: 5" $20.90 + $2.50 S/H
With disk: 8" $22.90 + $2.50 S/H
Shipping A Handling $3 30 per Book. $2 30 pet Disk sel
Foreign Orders Add U 50 Suffice Mail
or S7 00 Air Mail
If paying by check . Please allow 4-6 week* delivery
* Alt Currency in U.S. Dollars
Continually Updated In 68 Micro Journal Monthly
Computer Publishing Inc.
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd.
Wi±lM
Hixson, TN 37343
"FLtX la a trademark of Technical Syateaa Conaultanta
"0S9 la a trademark of Mlcrowire and Motorola
*6»' Micro Journal la a cradeaark of Computer Publishing Inc.
(615) 842-4601
Telex 5106006630
'60' Micro Journal
Marx* '87
55
Hard Disk Subsystem
for SS-50 Computers
This movsh sussystw «dos m*»o disk speed mo storage
capacity 10 tour compute* yet heflui res oh.y one ss'so slot.
Software iwith source) is includes fox touo choice of
HUV M SU'roS", OS-9' Level 1 OR Uva I). c* OS-9 6*
oPEBATirc SYSTCnS. The software names all operating
SYSTEM CONVENTIONS- THE SOFTWARE IS 0CSI6KED FOR THE XE8EX
S1110 CONTHOLLER INTERFACING TO ANY NAM) DISK DRIVE THAT
CONFORMS TO THE S1S06 STANDARD. FOUR SUBSYSTEMS ARE
AVAILABLE;
1) 21 MB ifowwtted) Control Data Corporation HREH hard
disk. Xebec SiliQA controller. SS-JO interface card,
ALL CAM ES. AND SOFTWARE FOR 12850;
7.) MB (forhatteo) Tandok TN-605 HARD DISK, RESI same
AS ABOVE FOR S895j
NO HARD DISK, REST SAME AS ABOVE FOR S600; AND
SS-50 INTERFACE CARD AND SOFTWARE FOR (200-
Au. PRICES INCLUDE SHIPPING, WE ACCEPT VISA AND FUSTERCARD
WITHOUT AOOING A SUTWMfKE, TeuS RESIDENIS NUST ADD SALES
tax. the subsystem hay be modnteo within your computer
chassis or in a separate enclosure with power supply.
Please write or phone i include your day and evening phone
numbers) for more information- xe will return north
America calls so that any detailed answers will be at our
(KPENSE-
2>
it
HI
Z&££4WR}TTS'K'
CO. Box 380? - 845
Austin, Texas 78766
" H12) 211-6530 "
^Z~-^S
FLEX IS A TRACB1ARX OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS, InC-
SUTJOS is a thademark of Star-Kits
OS-9 IS A TRADEMARK OF HlCROWAHE AND MOTOROLA
31 IK RAM
Expansion
Compact
Flexible
6809
Computer
TTw new ST 2900 ay 5 lorn - a complete WK amen buainessor iiobbytslccynpuier
la only one ol <la many poaaibie conftflurattons. Among Ma features are
• Smalt enough lo hold in your hand) (Eurocard size- 39"xfl 3*t
• Three board "system" lor greater vwaaitl.ty lhan single board tomputera
• CPU Board - powerful 6809 E procaftSOt. 16K ot 64K RAM, IK-32K EPROM,
2 RS232 aerial pons wilh software prograrnmable baud rate*, id bit coun
lor/ilmar Run ihe CPU board all by itwM or plug your own custom board or our
FOC dob/0 awilot RAM 51 2 board into the expansion connector
• FDC Board - double aidPOVdouOle-drjns.ty lloppy diak controller *iih adjust-
meni free digital data separator and wrtte p rec om pens alio rt, 2 8-bit parallel
poilft. 2 16-blt counter/timers, prototyping area.
• RAM-812 Board 524.288 bytes o. RAM 00 a 4 iVxfi3"board* Low power
Includee RAM OlBk aofiwqce lor FlEX/STAR OOS or OS 9
• PLIXi STAR-DO*, end 04-9 supporl«o' 49ft war* seleolabl*.
m OS 9 Conversion Package lets you uae Ihe low coat Radio Shack C0C0 version
or OS-3 on our ST 2900 system Save$i3i oil the suggested Isl price ol OS 9'
No programming la Involved. Supports C0C0 OS-9. standard OS-9. and
MI2AR O&SrCSK disk rormals Compatible with PC XF£R 10 lei you
rejDdfwrJteftormat MS OOS dlakat
■ CPU bateboardplus EPROM $45 0S-9Convera;lenPsckage $49
FOC bare board $38 FLEX Conversion Package S29
RAM -5 12 board AoTf.wfo.fl AM) 1299/ CPU + FOC + OS 9ConvorSior> f 1 19
CPU* FOC board 10 1 assembled and tested S329
• Add $5 shlpplngrnandling |SlO oversoasr l^eae pnees are in US lunds
Canadian orders, call or wrile lor prices Terms crteck. money order. VISA
ttiMMtwlitB 'LE* - lacrtniulSyhtamtUMMullwilaO^I - W«x**4>»& UowtOUL MS-DOS - MltfOMX
SI X is. rs. I j/* Call or wrMa for tree calalofl
\ I ^/\La >| ^s, and complete p*lee Hal
/ j //\l \ \< I / (904) 25W485
T XC<HN<OLOOIC<
2261 6 1llh Ave. Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5N 1Z7
I \ OfDX
™l -^ INC.
Uoyd I/O Is a computer engineering corporation providing
jcftwtJB end hordWow products end ocnaMng services.
19535 NE GUSAN • POsTTUN D, OS 97230 (USA)
PHONE: (503) 6*4-1097 ■ TELEX: 910 360 5443 UOVD I O
Computer Engineers
K BASIC " is hem
K-BASIC Is o TSC XfiASIC (XPC) compatible COMPILER
lor OS9 « Rm... price $199
Mere at last Is a compiler for BASIC that will compile oil your
XBASIC programs. K-BASiC compiles TSCs XfMSIC and XPC pro-
giarns to m chine code- K-BASIC Is reody now to save you
money and time by teaching your computer tot
• Think foster • Conserve Memory • Be Friendlier
Call {503) 666-1097 lor our CATALOG.
We haw many program* tor tortou* tortwar* d*v«lop«nl
DO™
Micro BASIC for 0$9...$149
A structured mlroo BASIC for general system control featuring
Parameter passing, 10 string variables. 26 numeric variables,
subroutines, nested loops. Interactive I/O, sequential files, and
Kme variables (for application s executing in the background re-
quired to execute procedures such as disk or file backups.) In-
cludes the SEARCH and RESCUE UTILITIES*'. (For OS9 ONLY.)
SEARCH and RESCUE UTILITIES™
fOtO$9...$3S
A super directory seorch utiilty. Output may be piped to the in-
cluded utilities to perform tile; COPIES. DRETES, MOVES, LISUNG
(pagination), and FILTERING. Some filleting utility programs ore
Included.' ol Interest is the FILE DATE CHECKING utilities YOUNGER
and DRAFT (Level 2). (For OS9 Level 1 and 2.)
PATCH™
Modem Communications for OS9...S39
PATCH Is o modem communications program tor OS° featuring:
KEV MACROS ASCII TEXr AND BINARY FILE UP/DOWN LOADING,
PRINTER COPY, ond HELP MENUS. Wb use It several times each
day wtth our TELEX service. PATCH Is convenient and easy to use.
Key mooDS may be pre-stored and looded at any time.
CRASMB '"
CROSS ASSEMBIER PACKAGE
fOrOS9& FLEX.., Oil for $399
Motorola CPU's, ..$150
Intel CPU's... $150. Others... $150
CRASMB Is tne hgtity acclaimed crc
OS9 and REX systemsjt brift our f
CRASMB featuresH 0cWF CondtHm^ Long symbol names,
l4p»*«oae In 4 1
I formats (OS9,
Symbol aou reference tabft,
REX S-1-S9. INIEL HEX).
VISA. MC. CX». CMSCKS. ACCEPTS)
USA: LLOYD UO 1503 46* 109/). S.I. MEDIA (SCO JJ» MOO)
England: Vlvoway (0SS2 423416), Wlndnnri (0A92 40S1B9I
Ovrmony Zacrwr Computw (45 IS 29«). Koll Sottwor* (06203 6?41|
AuaMollo: Partt Rodlo Elsclronlci |344 9-I11J
Japan: Mlcroboonit (0474) 22-1741 S»i*ou (03) 832-&000
Swttiwlond IllOtt AS [0*6 M 27 24|
swsd«n: Mlcromaitsi Scandinavian AS (018 - 138S9S)
K4A3C CO. SSADOItmaVXtt LrtimtS
MTCHCOtSV*! an" OMS^« 1&J2 era Mamm or UOYO K3
0S94O -cr**uu-i»«R£Xi»o ~ar IX
56
March's?
68' Micro Journal
SOFTWARE.
HARDCORE
tFORTH®
from TALBOT MICROSYSTEMS
NEW SYSTEMS FOR
6301/6801, 6809, and 68000
" FORTH PROGRAMMING TOOLS from the 68XXSX "
" FORTH specialists — get the best)! "
NOW AVAILABLE — A variety olrom and disk FORTH systems to
run on and/or do TARGET COMPILATION tor
6800, 6301/6801. 6809, 68000. 8080, Z80
Write or call lor information on a special system to fit your require-
ment.
Standard systems available (or these hardware—
EPSON HX-20 rom system and target compiler
6809 rom systems tor SS-50, EXORCISER, STD. ETC.
COLOR COMPUTER
6800/6809 FLEX or EXORCISER disk systems.
68000 rom based systems
68000 CPM-68K disk systems, MODEL 11/12/16
tFORTH Is a refined version ol FORTH Interest Group standard
FORTH, taster than FIG-FORTH. FORTH is both a compiler and
an interpreter. It executes orders ot magnitudes tester than inter-
pretive BASIC MORE IMPORTANT, CODE DEVELOPMENT
AND TESTING Is much, much tester than complied languages
such as PASCAL and C. II Soltware DEVELOPMENT COSTS are
an important concern lor you. you need FORTH!
SrmFORTH** is for the programmer who needs to sotieeze the
mos I into roms. II is a professional programmer's tool lor compact
rommable code tor controller applications
» rFOATM ird lm(ORTX w% irtAmwriu er> TarM
- F1EX a • tadaniM o" TcfcM Svsamt Cmara
• CPW-eax a naaanvt o"
— > tFORTH SYSTEMS <—
For all FLEX systems : GIMIX, SW rp. SSB. or EXCWosor Specify
5 or 8 inch diskette, hardware type, and 6800 or 6809.
" tFORTH — extended fig FORTH (1 disk) $100 (115)
with fig line editor.
•• IFORTH + — morel (3 5" or 2 8" disks) $250 ($25)
adds screen editor, assembler, extended data types, utilities,
games, and debugging - aids.
" TRS-e0 COLORFORTH — available from The Micro Works
•• firm FORTH — 6809 only. $350 ($10)
For target compilations to rommable code.
Automatically deletes unused code. Includes HOST system
source and target nucleus source. No royalty on targets. Re-
quires but does not include tFORTH + .
" FORTH PROGRAMMING AIDS — elaborate decompiled SO
" tFORTH lor HX-20. in 16K roms for expansion unit or replace
BASIC $1 70
" IFORTH/68K lor CP/M-68K 8" disk system $290
Makes Model 16 a super software development system.
" Nautilus Systems Cross Compiler
— Requires tFORTH + HOST + al least am TARGET
— HOST system code (6809 or 68000) $200
— TARGET source code: 6800- $200. 6301 6801— $200
same phis HX-20 extensions— $300
6809— $300, 8080/260— $200. 6800CV $3S0
Maiajals available separately — once m ( )
Add $6 system tor stooping. $15 (or foreign ar>
ALBOT MICROSYSTEMS 1927 Curtis Ave., Redondo Beach, CA 90278 (213) 376 9941
^^TT^ ^ lnla%#»>d $yir|<mti Wortfr Witts)
* OVER Ifl YEAAIOF KOCATH OUAUTvF
DiHtioa «/
Comfulrr Pubiishint.lHt.
5900 Caamdn Srri th Road
Hiiam,Ta 37343
TetepTione 61 5 842-4600
Telex 510 6QM63O
DATA-COMP
SPECIAL
Heavy Duty Power Supplies
For A limited time we am offering our HEAVY DUTY SWITCHING
POWER SUPPLY. Thasa are BRAND NEW units and will not last
long. Also note that theaa prices are lass than 1/4 tha normal price
forthasa high quality unit.
She HW 1 5 1 13 odM .
RjBBf * UQrlX) «*> a: (crap <
Ooipot »S» . 10 nfa
.l> 4j0 saja
»I2>-10bb(x
•1 It . OS usa
Must Cmuxr Tamfcui ttrip
»)Ouc no i
E«a
SPEOAL: $59.95
2 or mora 49.95
Add: $7 50 each sth
Sbk 10.73 » t 2 » IH fc
Rata*
torao
a; (an?
Ocut
■»3».
Utaaja
• 1>
Uan
*1>
24 asp
♦ 1*
il Ban
-12..
04 nan
p) Out II i
M«B|
Mo«u
SPECIAL: $4955
2 OR MORE 39.95
Add: $7.30 SH each
68' Micro Journal
Man* 37
57
PL|xS-68k (PL/9 for the 68000)
running under OS/9-68000
,i.-ii: A ■ :
______________
Built-in screen editor
Built-in source-level debugger
Byte, Integer, Long and Real variables
Direct source to object compilation
Generates fast, efficient object code
Compiles over 2000 lines/min
99% upward compatible with PL/9
Comprehensive instruction manual
No license fees to pay
PL|j.S-68k is a complete re-write of PL/9,
for the 68000-series j.iP. It is a structured
high-level language, designed for
programming stand-alone applications as
well as those in which an operating system
is present. It is easy to learn, very quick
to use {the compiler is resident with the
editor and produces executable object
code in one pass) and generates
efficient, position-independant code
upon which no royalties are payable.
The built-in tracer/debugger helps you
debug your programs symbolically
and at source level, so you need know
next to nothing about the assembly-
language of the 68000 in order to
develop programs.
PLjiS is here now, it carries the
Windrush commitment to support,
and it's cheap. Do you need a
better reason to try it?
PL|iS-68k for OS/9-68000 $299.00
PLuS-68k is also available for FLEX™ systems, supplied with a
68008 second processor, case and power supply. (This reduced
price no longer includes a free upgrade to the OS/9 version)
For further information, phone or write:
.$499.00
Worstead Laboratories
North Walsham
Norfolk NR28 9SA
England
Tel (44) 692 404086
Telex 975548 WMICRO G
f(_);WINDRUSH
Micro Systems Ltd.
58
Mare* "87
'68* Micro Journal
MICRO
JOURNN.
OK, PLEASE ENTER MY SUBSCRIPTION
BiU My: Mastercard □ VISA □
Card # Exp. Date_
For I Year 2 Years
3 Years
Enclosed: $
Name
Street
City State
ZiD
My Computer Is:
Subscription Rates
U.S.A.: 1 Year $24.50. 2 Years $42.50, 3 Years $64.50
'Foreign Surface: Add $12.00 per Year to USA Price.
'Foreign Airmail: Add $48.00 per Year to USA Price.
'Canada & Mexico: Add $9.50 per Year to USA Price.
•U.S. Currency Cash or Check Drawn on a USA Bank !
68 Micro Journal
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd.
FOB 849
Hixson.TN 37343
Telephone 615 842-4600
Telex 510 600-6630
CSG IMS is a general purpose information management system
designed to make the devetopnvn i of lile-intensrve applications as
quick and easy as possible IMS is a lull featured database
manager with the added benefit ol a structured, general purpose
applicakon language Some popular applications ate: accounting,
■nventoy. data acquisition, cataloging, membership and mailing
lists
SYSTEM FEATURES
• CSG IMS uses 8+Tree index structures for last database
access and reliability Record . index and file sues are virtually
unrestricted
• Supported data types are text. BCD floating point (14 digits),
short and long integers, and date
• Menu driven executive program tor ease of operation
• User definable screen forms and reports are supported.
•' The interactive environment provides access to databases aid
most language features allowing quick ad hoc queries
• CSG IMS includes a recursive, compiled language supposing
program modules with fun parameter passing
• The CSG IMS run-time interpreter is available separately tor
user developed and distributed applications.
• Comprehensive 320 page manual with tutorial section
CSG IMS lor OS9/6809 III and 0S9/68000 $495 00
Run lime interpreter for CSG IMS $100.00
CSG IMS manual only $20 00
PAlCCS IN US MR LARS
ado ss oo s»h fen ontinentai usa. foreign coders aoo i iooo sah
—
To order CSG IMS or lo receive fuither information write:
CLEARBR00K SOFTWARE GROUP
P0 Box 8000 499
Somas, WA 98295-8000
or prune
(604)853-9118
Send for a tree catalog describing all of our 0S9 products
We welcome dealer inquiries.
OSS tt ft rfgrnnd trftdviurli g* MhooMrft tnti MptmU
—•
'68' Micro Journal
March -87
59
OS-9
L1 UTILITY PAK— Contains all programs formerly In
Filter kits 1 & 2, and Hacker's kit 1 plus several
additional programs. Complete "wild card" file
operations, copies, moves, sorts, del, MACGEN shell
command language compiler, Disassembler, Disk
sectoredit utility, new and improved editions, approx.
40 programs, increases your productivity. Most
programs applicable for both level I & II 6809 OS-9.
$49.95 ($51.95)
Call or send Self Addressed Stamped Envelope for
catalog of software for color Computer OS-9 and other
OS-9 systems.
BOLD prices are CoCo OS-9 format disk, other formats
(In parenthesis) specify format. All orders prepaid or
COD, VISA and MasterCard accepted. Add $1.50 S&H
on prepaid. COD actual charges added.
SS-50C
MEMORY LIQUIDATION SALEI
(While Supply Lasts)
1 MEGABYTE RAM BOARD
Full megabyteof ram with disableoptions to suit any
SS-506809 system. High reliability, can replace static
ram for fraction of the cost. $399for2 Mhzor$439 for
2.25 Mhz board assembled, tested and fully populated.
2 MEGABYTE RAM DISK BOARD
RD2 2 megabytes dedicated ram disk board for SS-50
systems. Four layer circuit board socketed for 2
Megabytes! Special sale price of $399.00 includes only
256k of ram installed (you add the rest), Includes OS-9
level I and II drivers for Ram disk, (note: you can re-
boot yoursystem without losing ram-disk contents).
(Add $6 shipping and Insurance.)
Please call for answers to your technical questions
concerning these products.
D.P. Johnson, 7655 S.W. Cecjarcrest St.
Portland, OR 97223. (503) 244-8152
(For best service call between 9-11 am Pacific time.)
OSS Is a trademark of Microwave and Motorola inc.
MSOOS la a trademark of Microsoft Inc.
COMPILER EVALUATION SERVICES
BY: Rao Anderaao
The S.E. MEDIA Dividao of Computer
Publishing Inc.
is offering tar foUowfag SUBSCRIBER
SERVICE-
COMPILER COMPARISON AND EVALUATION REPORT
Due lo the constant sod ispid updating and enhance meol
of numeious compilers, and the different utility, appeal,
spa*d, level of communication, memocy usage, etc., of
different compilers, Ihe following services are now being
offered with pa iodic updates.
This seivice, with updates, will allow you who are waiy or
confused by the vaiious claims of compiler vendors, an
opportunity to review comparisons, comments,
benchmarks, etc concerning Ihe many different
compileis on Ihe market,, for Ihe 6809 microcomputer.
Ihus Ihe savings could far offset Ihe small cost of this
service.
Many have purchased compileis and then discovered that
(he particular compiler purchased either is not the most
efficient for their purposes of does not contain features
necessary for their application. Thus the added expense
of purchasing additional compilei(s) or not being able to
fully utilize the advantages of high level language
compilers becomes loo expensive.
The following COMPILERS are reviewed initially, more
will be reviewed, compared and benchmsrked as they
become available to the author
PASCAL "C GSPL WHIMSICAL PL/9
Initial Subscription - $39.95
(includes 1 year updates)
Updates for 1 year - $1450
S.E, MEDIA - C.PJ.
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd.
HUson, TN 37343
(615) 842-4&M
68000 68020 68010
68008 6809 6800
Write or phone for catalog.
AAA Chicago Computer Center
120 Chestnut Lane — Wheeling IL 60090
(312) 459-0450
Technical Comultallon available moat weafcdaya from I PMIoSPM CST
60
March 87
'68' Micro Journal
Stop!
Get a 25
Mega Byte Hard
Disk practically
FREE - only 1 C
Be Sure to Consider the
SPECIAL MUSTANG
10 Sale on page 5
When it's over, IT'S OVER!
We donl know how long this very, very low price can be maintained, dont miss itl
Data-Comp Div. - CPI
'66' Micro Journal March 37 81
6809<>68XXX
UniFLEX
X-TALK
A C-MODEM/Hardware Hookup
Exclusive for (he MUSTANG-020 running
UniFLEX, is a new uansfer program and cable set
from DATA-COMP (CPO. X-TALK consisi of 2
disks and a special cable, this hook-up enables a 6809
SWTPC UniFLEX computer to port UniFLEX files
directly to a 68XXX UniFLEX system.
This is the only currently available method to
transfer files, text or otherwise, from a 6809
UniFLEX system to a 68000 UniFLEX system, that
we have seen. A must if you want to recompile or
cross assemble your old (and valuable) source files to
run on a 68000 UniFLEX system. GIMIX users can
directly transfer files between a 6809 GIMIX system
and our MUSTANG-020 68020 system, or GIMIX
68020 system. All SWTPC useis must use some sort
of method other than diiect disk transfer. The 6809
SWTPC UniFLEX disk format is not readable by most
other 68000 type systems.
The cable is specially prepared with internal
connections to match the non-standard SWTPC SO/9
DB25 connectors. A special SWPTC-t- cable and
software is also available, at the same price. Orders
must specify which type SWTPC 6809 UniFLEX
system they intend to transfer from or to.
The X-TALK software is furnished on two
disks. One 8" disk containing the 6809 software and
one 5" disk containing the 68XXX software. These
programs are also complete MODEM programs and
can be used as such, including X on X-off, and all the
other features you would expect from a full modem
program.
X-TALK can be purchased with/without the
special cables, however, this SPECIAL price is
available only to registered MUSTANG-020 owners.
X-TALK, w/cable $99.95
X-TALK only 69.95
X-TALK w/source $149.95
DATA-COMP
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd.
Hixson.TN 37343
Telephone 61 5 842^601
Telex 510 600-6630
Note: Registered MUSTAN&ozo owners must furnish system
serial number In order to buy at these special low prices.
68 MICRO JOURNAL
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Dbk- 17 March Utility. RATBAS, A Banc Preprazuor.
Dbk- 18 PancMod. Size.Cmd (Sept 85 Armiuang).
CMDCODE. CMD.Tm (Sept 85 Spay).
Dbkl9 Clock, Dare, Copy, Cat, PDELAam & Doc..
Erron.Syt, Do, Ixsg.Asn St Due.
Dbk-20 UNIX Like Tools (Inly * Sept. 85 Taylor *
Gilchrin). DragonX. Grep.C. 1J.C. FDUMP C
Dbk. 2 1 Uiililki A Gainer - Date. Life. MaJhes>. Touch.
Goblin. Siantx*. & 15 more.
Dbk-22 Read CPM & Ncn-FLEX Diika. Fraaer May 1984.
Dbk 23 ISAM. Indexed Sopcmial Tile Accessing Methods,
Condon Nov. 1985. Extensible Table Diiven.
Language Reag g n i uo n Uifliiy. Anderson March 1986.
Dbk 24 58' Micro Journal Index of Articles ABiiB.icku
hcrnr from 1979 - 1985. John Omen.
Dbk-25 KERMJT for FLEX derived frnn the UNIX ver. Burg
Feb. 1986, (2)5* Diaki or (l)-8" Disk.
Dbk-26 Compacts UruBoanl leview. code A diagram, Burtiaon
March '86.
Dbk-27 ROTABIT.TXT. SUMSTEST .1XT. CONDATA.TXT.
BADMEN.TXT.
Dbk 28 Cr-82 emulator, hu mapped.
Dbk.2» "Star Trek
Dbk-30 Simple Wcnchoicr, Dec '86 Green.
Dbk-31 ••• Read/Wriie MS/PC-DOS (SK'DOS)
NOTE:
Thia ii a reader service ONLY I No Warraniy it offered or implied,
ihey arc at received by 68' Micro Journal, and arc for reader
convenience ONLY (tome MAY include fact or patches). Also 6800
and 6809 program ■ arc mixed, as each is fairty simple (mostly) lo
convert lo the other. Software is available lo ana-assemble all.
• Oenous 6800 - •• Denotes BASIC
••* Dennis 68000 - 6809 no mcbarurr.
Specify 8" disk S19J50
5" dbk $16.95
Add: S/H - S3 50
Ovcneai add $4,50 surface - $7.00 Air Mail, USA Dollars
68 MICRO JOURNAL
PO Box 849
Hixson, TN 37343
615 842^600 - Telex 510 600-6630
62
March *87
p 68 Micro Journal
6809/68008 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTERS
The Peripheral Technology Family of Single Board Computers is a Low-Cost Group Which
Ranges From an Entry Level 8-Bit Version to a Powerful 68008-Based Board. A Product is
Available to Fit Almost Every User's Requirements.
PTIB-S
• 6809 Processor/2MHZ
Clock
• 4 RS-232 Serial Ports
• 2 8-Bit Parallel Ports
• 4K-16K EPROM/60K Ram
• Parallel Printer Interface
• DS/OD Controller tor 35-80
• Track Drives Ranging From
SS/SD-OS/DO
• Winchester Interface Port
PRICE: $34900
PTat-3
• 6809 I MHZ Processor
• 2 RS-232 Serial Ports
• 2 8-Bit Parallel Ports
• 4K EPROM/59K User Ram
• DS/OD Controller for 35-80
Track Drives Ranging From
SS/SD-DS/DD
PRICE: 1269 95
OS9L1 For
PT69 BOARDS $200 00
SK'DOS: S 49 95
PERIPHERAL TECHNOLOGY
1480 Terrell Mill Road. Suite 870
Marietta, Georgia 30067
(404) 964-0742 Telex # 680584
VISA/MASTERCARD/CHECK/C.O.D.
PTMK-1
• MC68008 10 MHZ
Processor
• 768K RAM/64K EPROM
• 2 RS-232 Serial Ports
• Winchester Interface Port
• Floppy Disk Controller for
2 5+" Drives
• 2 8-Bit Parallel Pons
BOARD: $595 00
WTTHOS9: $749.95
WTTH SK'DOS: $675.00
"039 Is A Trademark Ol Microware and Motorola
Send For Catalogue For Complete Information On All Products.
XDMS-IV
Data Management System
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(* 1 , I- N I ' \
Save $ 1 00.00 - UmHed Time
Regular SSSO.QOjJ&frGffty
$249.95
TirbnkiJ lekpnoae
i V" Ttcnkal Sr»tma
•JLE*
Td 914-I410S5Z (E.—lflea)
C~— UtaBK, SK'DOS™ STAR.K7TS Corp.
FOR 6809 FLEX-SK-DOS(5/8")
Up la 32 paup*/f>nld> par rami I I'pm UaVinuaar fSod mail Up lo 102»byie lecardil Ufs
nn ind pnnt contrail mean flail Farm fHaal rVmtinanal euauioal Pmu
dhamna.1 Ufod/Down ward fill ttnkiaej Rio jousna) Random file romal pwji/vjf Buik in
uihsial Built in leil line etfuri FaBy uedan nnonmjl ealeinned 'omul Boldface, Oauble
width, lubce and IMerlme uppnrual t Wooen b corap-ci nnrunl uaahto' Inmnusd fa
PAST eweohonl
XDMS-IV Dele Managua in srtun
XDMS-IV ki • brawl new approach hi dau mmifronM li not only penniu men to
du p oJUi , emer and rdrm dau. but alao to pna entire filce ptufcea* j —■■-■—' repofu.
on diaplayi and file output PnonHln t can conaiA of any of • eel of eiandaid high level
funoionj todudinn romrd and field a riacHan . toning and aggregation, lookup* in other filoi.
apodal pnauowing of nacord cutmu. nifan ^ort formatting, totaliot and lubtouling, and
pnaaaaaOBo of up to throe odeW fQee aaa "database" on veer defined output Hponx.
KtWEBTUL COMMANDS
ynuxiv .i.ii.i.. ih. nmaim^tay ,{ many pnpolar DBMS eoPiwans lyaumt wok anew caiy
1 ant into a tangle ireaanetad package. WeVe hcluded many am feeaum and
i oardndoui a tet of general file taiUnnv The pioneering eommanda arc uiput-Pxxo-
Oieput 0PO] ODoraod wfaicb allrnnehrjaBirnauraiiairdamerjuonD of apvojamdeatajri.
SESSION OUENTZDI
XDMS-IV it aeaaioB onented. Rout 'XDMS' and you u in ineunt command of ill the
faBtoram. So store weiring for a oDDanaad to load iafjom ckaak) Many manendi emefnerlma,
nacb aa CREATE <ffla dVsSnnka>>. UPDATE (fOe etekxX PURGE and DELETB (udlaus)
Otban in fveeae* o i a i e i a anA wbaoa an oaed 10 cnaste a veer ntoaaa* ereidi ia aaaguad with a
RUN oam aeaet . En*»» oiay be anaaad iMo a "pnzeae* file »baaa ia eaanaed by an EX6CUTC
may nectae ooW uiuaaeu, or ike ilirn. eubor oerabtaa>aUy or
Hy. MaBia and aoagja prompta an aatily ondad, and ennre ues apptiockn can be
run arenout ever leavvuj XDMS-IVI
ITS RASV TO USE!
XDM^IVaja^adauruoagaDeotaenplal Rather than dob a" a onaaplei DBMS arttach hide* the
sue Baum of (be data, em kept XDMS-IV file qpanled. The near *i*w of data lelaoosaaipa u
i aeput, wrrik the actual data nandoj in eery to — -'-• -- file*. Tlu
t and (oporta aiduad *— y 1 ** a *i r **— an of the databaie
f3ea end esunure. XDMS-IV may be need for a wide mnfe of appbeaoona fiom aenple nsad
menaincmi lyttorn* (■liihiaein. iovenory ...) to mtcerated databeac ayauam (ardor entty.
tncnaTtint-X The p— *J~- am unenwttd—
Visa 4 Master Card Excepted
Tdepbone: 615-842-4601 or Tela: 510 60M630
Or Write: S.E. Media, 5900 Cassandra Smith RcL,
Hiudb, Tenn. 31343
y ^f
68 Micro Journal
Mart* "87
63
GmX Micro-20
prices
GMX S-50 BUS prices
68020 SYSTEM 6809 SYSTEM
E
i
MICRO 21 112. 5 MHz) 12515.00
1ICR0 21 116.61 IHi) 12895.10
I PORT RS232 BOARD SET ISSC-8S) I OB. 10
PROTOTIPIMC BOARD tSBC-VHl I 15.01
BACK PANEL PLATE (BPP-PC) | 44.00
1/0 BUS ADAPTER (SBC-BA1 | 195.00
QUANTITY 0ISCOUNTS ARE AVAILABLE OX THE
ABOVE ITERS AS fOUOVS: 4-9. LESS Sli
I0-24.LESS 101s 2S-99.LESS 2ltl 110 UP.LESS ]01.
NC(8BBIRCI2 t 29S.OO
HC68BBIRCI6 1 395.00
SBC ACCESSOR! PACKAGE (N2I-AP1 $1690.00
For other configurations and options, contact CM.
MOTOROLA 66020 USERS MANUAL I IB. 01
MOTOROLA 66661 USERS MANUAL I 16.00
TO OKOCR BY MAR. SEND CHECK 00 MONEY ORDER OR USE YOUR VISA OR MASTER
CKMGE. mnt ilkm 1 tMi 1« prion* ciwcks M cm U S ordiu isd IS lundh
mj » ordot U vnOt 1200 00 f*«tgi> wdtrj Md SlO hjndtng II ormr o undor
1200 00 Fwtlgn ordWI ev« S200 00 wM M llilppod vli bmry Air frilghl CCUECT.
ind »• aril crurgt no funding All edit! mull Iw puM H U S Iwds pinsi noi«
inal lertlgn CnKkt htva potfl uklrq looul 8 *Mkt W ceftKaen 10 «i would *)vbt
Mtng mmf, *<h»ckidn«»«i«bJokMe*hlKn)i» U S Ovr Mnk Is Un CM«n*»-
lat NBaoii Ninonil Sink of Cnlugo. 231 S. USiiu So Ml. CNugo. IL 60SS3. tuowil
wnotr 71 02033.
BASIC M iftd OS-t na liidtrBum ot Utmm S»»tiraj Corp ind UOTOROIA. Inc.
FLEX ind UfUfLEX >■• irMimarki ot iKnnlcal Srinno Contuittnu. Inc. Simix.
GHOST, GUI, CIASSY CHASSIS, vi ktdotniiki ol GlMil, Inc.
Gmx
1337 WEST 37lh PLACE
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60609
(312)927-5510 • TWX 010 -221-4055
For the user who appreciates the need for a bus
structured systei using STATIC RAN and powered
by a ferro resonant constant voltage transformer,
ONA transfers, high speed NNU. ve have tht
UMIFLEX-VPI (8020 developient systei.
The systei CPU provides protection to the systei
and other users froi crashes caused by defective
user programs.
The systei's Intelligent serial I/O processor
boards significantly reduce systei overhead by
handling routine 1/0 functions.
The UnlFLEX VN Operating Systea Is a dewnd-paged,
virtual letory operating systei written In 66020
Asseabler code for covactness and efficiency. It
allows up to 4 Megabytes of Virtual Metory per
user. All systeis Include 1KB of static RAN,
one 3-port Intelligent Serial 1/0 board,
DMA Controllers, a 5' 80 track floppy drive.
PRICES
(020 UnlFLEX VN with 25X8 HD (11,981.20
|020 UnlFLEX VN with 65M8 HO (12,480.21
TOO CAN EXPAND THESE 020 SYSTEMS ilTMi
(ONB STREAMER ( 2,400.00
REMOVABLE PACK OR I VE ( 1,200.80
INTELLIGENT I /OS
|I4 3 Port Serlal-30 Pin ( 499.14
1 1 3 4 Port Serlal-51 Pin ( (18.13
|I2 Parallel-SO Pin ( 536.12
CABLE SETS FOR I /OS
| 95 Cable Sets Specify Card ( 24.95
| SI Cent. I.P. Cable for |I2 I |44....| 34.51
| S3 Cent. Cable Set ( 36.53
The timber 39 systeis IncludeilOS CPVvDATi |I9 Classy
Chassis! 25(K Static RAN; a | 43 2 port serial
card I cables; |68 0MA Controller) all necessary
cables, power regulators, and filler plates)
Systei | 39 OS-9 GW II Oual 00 OS00...1 2,998.39
wl9HB ( 4,(98.39
W12KB ( (.299.39
The Software Included In this System
GMXBUG Mnlton FLEX; and OS-9 GMXII. You can
software select either FLEX or OS-9. Also Includes
OS-9 Editor, Asseabler, Ocbugger, 1ASIC-I9, RUMS,
RMS, 00, and GNX-V0ISK for FLEX,
Systei | 39 UnlFLEX w25NB ( 4,(98.39
wBSMB ( 6,296.39
The UnlFLEX Operating Systei ts Included.
(809 SYSTEMS USUG THE Gl PI I X 111 CPU I UTELLIGEIT
1/0 PROCESSOR BOAROS
These Systei Include: GNX6B09 CPU 111; one |ll
3 port Intelligent serial 1/0 I Cables; f 19
Classy Chassis; 256K Static RAM; |(6 ONA
controller; all necessary cables, power
regulators, and filler plates.
Systei | 19 0S9 GMX III Oual 60 0S00...1 4,496.79
W25KB ( (.498.19
wBSNB | 1.998.19
The | 79 Systei Software Includes; 0S9 GNXI1I;
0S9 Editor, Asseabler, Debugger, (ASIC 09, RU.B,
RMS, 00, RAMdlsk, 0-FLEX; GNX8UG; FLEX. The
GMX Support RON and the hardware CRC board are
exclusive features iacluded In this systei.
Systea I 89 UnlFLEX III w25M8 ( 6,796.39
wBS06 | 0,298.39
The UnlFLEX GMX III Operating Systei Is Included.
1
3
Mj^^the — llStaiV'
Now Offenng *FLEX" (2 Versions)
AND 'STAR-DOS PLUS+ '"
For Otttmrtng Call
(615)842-4600
FROM - DATA-COMP, C.P.I.
A Family of 100% 68XX Support Facilities
The Folks who FIRST Put FLEX" on
The CoCo
vH
t^*>*
&.:>
*
p^^r^
C o1
«* e
**%P
^*" o* 1
M
STAR DOS PLUS +
• Functions Same as FLEX
• Reads • writes FLEX Disk*
• Run FLEX Programs
• Just type: Run 'STAR DOS"
• Over 300 utilities & programs
to choose from
f
TSC Editor
NOW $35.00
L
y)
PLUS
ALL VERSIONS OF FLEX & STAR-DOS
+ Read-Write-Dir RS Disk
+ Run RS Basic from Both
+ More Free UtJities
INCLUDE
+ External Terminal Program
+ Test Disk Program
+ Disk Examine & Repair Program
+ Memoty Examine Program
+ Many Many More!!!
TSC Assembler
(bgtMOO
L
NOW $35 OO
1
CoCo Disk Drive Sgsleuis
2 TH1NLINE DOUBLE SIDiO DOUBLE DENSITY DISK DRIVES
SYSTEM WITN FDUEE SUCI-L* .CAIINtT, 01SI OllVE CARLE. JiH
NEW DISK CONTROLLER JP0-CP VJTH J-OOS.RS-DOS OPERATINC
SYSTEMS. |4*«.»)
• Spiel (y What CONTROLLER You Want JAN, or RADIO SHBCX
TMINLINE DOUBLE S1DE0
DOUBLE DENSITY *0 TRACKS
MK VPCSAOi
FOR C.0,E, P, AND COCO II
RADIO SHACK BASIC I. 2
EAD10 SHACK DISK BASIC 1.1
Verhjhm Diskettes
Sinftlf Sldad Doubl« DtDtity
Deubl* Sided Double Deoelty
Cooli oilers
JtN JPO-CP WITH J-0OS
WITH J-OOS, KS-OOS
RADIO SHACK ] . I
RADIO SHACK Diik CONTROLLER 1.1
Disk Di ive Ciu!>-'>
Ceble for One Drive
Cable for Two Drive*
DISK OltVE CABINET POl A
III*. as
SINGLE (WIVE
DISK DRIVE CAEINET POl TWO
TK1NLINE DRIVES
} 14.00
nirruj
} 14.00
EPSON U-BO
EPSON HX-70
EPSON KX-100
•139. 95
ACOMoaiE* rot ifboc
$119. *»
tiM.aj
61*6 2E SEEIAL BOARD
81*9 32K EXPAND TO I2BK
EPSON MJ-M-UO KIIMNS
413*. aj
EPSON LX-80 ElEtONS
TEACTOE UNITS PO« LX-BO
CABLES 4 •THE* IHTCK/ACKS
CALL POR PRICING
i la.tj
i 24. as
I 29.95
t 24. as
i 24. as
* 4».»5
t ta.as
B2M.9J
•us.aj
$»*i.*i
JI49.95
» s.as
DATA-COMP
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd
Hixson. TN 37343
C3|
SHIPPING tS*
f^:^ d ^" s .| (615)842-4600
n(H. $2.50 'Of OtoWring
Telex 5106006630
s
S - 50 bus / 68XX
Board and/or Computer
Term inals-CRTs-Printers
Disk Drives-etc.
REPAIRS
DC
a* HfT£*
NOW AVAILABLE TO ALL SS068XX USERS
The Data Com p Division of CPI is proud to announce the availability ot their
service department facilities to 'ALL' $50 Bus and 68XX users Including all
brands, SWTPC • GIMIX - SSS - HELIX and others, including the single board
computers 'Please note that kit-built components are a special case, and win
be handed on an Individual basis, il accepted.
1. II you require service, the first thing you need to do Is call the number
below and describe your problem and confirm a Da la -Camp service & shipping
number) This is very important, Data-Comp will not accept or repair Items not
displaying this numberl AJso we cannot advise or help you troubleshoot on the
telephone, we can give you a shipping number, but NO advice! Sony!
2 All service shipments must include both a minimum $40.00
estimate/repair charge and pre-paid return shipping charges (should be same
amount you pay to ship to Data-Comp).
3 It you desire a telephone estimate alter your repair item Is received,
Include an additional $5.00 to cover long distance charges. Otherwise an
estimate will be mailed to you, il you requested an estimate Estimates must
be requested Malted estimates slow down the process considerably.
However, It repairs are not desired, alter the estimate is given, the $40.00 shall
constitute the estimate charge, and the itom(s) will be returned unrepaired
providing sufficient return shipping charges were included with the item to be
serviced Please note that estimates are given in dollar amounts only.
4 Data-Comp service is the oldest and most experienced general
S50/68XX service department in the world We have over $100,000 00 In parts
In stock We have the most complete set of service documents for the various
S50/6eXX systems of anyone - YET, WE DO NOT HAVE
EVERYTHING! But we sure have more than anyone else. We repair about
90% ol all items we receive. Call lor additional information or shipping
instructions.
DATA-COMP
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd,
Hixson.TN 37343
Cor> Pa
DOOOO
rooao
QOvOo
OOoOO
to oeo
h
Not This
(615)842-4607
Telex 5106006630
Live Music
Archive
Librivox
Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland
Museum of Art
Internet
Arcade
Console Living Room
Open Library
American
Libraries
TV News
Understanding
9/11